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Quantitative phase analysis through scattering media by depth-filtered digital holography

机译：深度滤波数字全息图通过散射介质进行定量相分析

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摘要

Digital holography (DH) is capable of providing three-dimensional topological surface profiles with axial resolutions in the nanometer range. To achieve such high resolutions requires an analysis of the phase information of the reflected light by means of numerical reconstruction methods. Unfortunately, the phase analysis of structures located in scattering media is usually disturbed by interference with reflected light from different depths. In contrast, low-coherence interferometry and optical coherence tomography (OCT) use broadband light sources to investigate the sample with a coherence gate providing tomographic measurements in scattering samples with a poorer depth-resolution of a few micrometers. We propose a new approach that allows recovering the phase information even through scattering media. The approach combines both techniques by creating synthesized interference patterns from scanned spectra. After applying an inverse Fourier transform to each spectrum, we yield three-dimensional depth-resolved images. Subsequently, contributions of photons scattered from unwanted regions are suppressed by depth-filtering. The back-transformed data can be considered as multiple synthesized holograms and the corresponding phase information can be extracted directly from the depth-filtered spectra. We used this approach to record and reconstruct holograms of a reflective surface through a scattering layer. Our results demonstrate a proof-of-principle, as the quantitative phase-profile could be recovered and effectively separated from scattering influences. Moreover, additional processing steps could pave the way to further applications, i.e. spectroscopic analysis.
机译：数字全息（DH）能够提供轴向分辨率在纳米范围内的三维拓扑表面轮廓。为了实现这样的高分辨率，需要通过数值重构方法来分析反射光的相位信息。不幸的是，位于散射介质中的结构的相位分析通常会受到来自不同深度的反射光的干扰。相反，低相干干涉测量法和光学相干断层扫描（OCT）使用宽带光源通过相干门来研究样品，该相干门可提供深度分辨率较差的几微米的散射样品中的断层测量。我们提出了一种新方法，即使通过散射介质也可以恢复相位信息。该方法通过从扫描光谱中创建合成干涉图来结合这两种技术。在对每个光谱应用傅里叶逆变换之后，我们产生了三维深度分解图像。随后，通过深度滤波抑制了从不需要的区域散射的光子的贡献。可以将逆变换后的数据视为多个合成全息图，并且可以直接从深度滤波后的光谱中提取相应的相位信息。我们使用这种方法来记录和重建通过散射层反射表面的全息图。我们的结果证明了原理，因为定量相图可以被恢复并有效地从散​​射影响中分离出来。而且，附加的处理步骤可以为进一步的应用铺平道路，即光谱分析。

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