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Prevention of major disturbances: proposal of a methodology and its implementation in the Portuguese Transmission Grid

机译：预防重大干扰：方法的建议及其在葡萄牙输电网的实施

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The current Portuguese planning security criteria for the transmission grid, reviewed in 2001, specifyrnthat special cases of more severe contingences, not considered in the normal grid planning proceduresrnmust be analysed.rnAdditionally, the final report of the CIGRE WG 34.09 about "Optimisation of protection performancernduring major disturbances" starts by identifying the main causes of worldwide major disturbances inrnthe period of 1986 - 1995, from a total reported number of 62. Seven of these major disturbances werernreported by the Portuguese Transmission Grid. Besides, due to specific problems, the tripping of thernmost recent big power plants has occurred in Portugal.rnThe majority of those events resulted from the loss of multiple grid elements during normal operationrnof the system. The optimum solutions would be the construction of multiple redundant facilities tornprotect against multiple contingencies or to build generation sources closer to the loads. Both thesernoptions are not usually feasible from a resource, environmental or economic standpoint.rnHowever, the identification of the main causes of major disturbances created the possibility to act in arnpreventive way, simulating the behaviour of the power system under an appropriate set of severerncontingencies. In complement, the creation of an activity dedicated to the systematic analysis of thernprotection systems behaviour, tries to ensure that protection systems do not act in a different way fromrnwhat is expected.rnThis paper explains the methodology used to select the more severe contingencies that should bernsimulated in the Portuguese Transmission Grid to help preventing major disturbances and describesrnthe selected ones. It also describes the implementation and the results of some of the actions alreadyrndeveloped in Portugal, namely:rn1.Simulation and results of the Transmission Grid behaviour after the tripping of natural gas combined-cycle power plantsrn2.Implementation and benefits of the activity of protection systems behaviour analysis.
机译：2001年审查的葡萄牙现行的输电电网规划安全标准规定，必须分析正常电网规划程序中未考虑的更严重偶然性的特殊情况。此外，CIGRE WG 34.09的最终报告有关“优化保护性能” “重大扰动”首先从确定的1986年至1995年期间全球范围内的主要扰动原因中找出原因，报告的总数为62个。其中7个主要扰动是由葡萄牙输电网报告的。此外，由于特定的问题，葡萄牙最近发生的大型发电厂跳闸。这些事件中的大多数是由于系统正常运行期间多个电网元件的损失所致。最佳解决方案将是建造多个冗余设施，以防止出现多种意外情况，或建立更接近负荷的发电源。从资源，环境或经济的角度来看，这两种选择通常都是不可行的。然而，对重大干扰的主要原因的识别创造了采取预防措施来行动的可能性，从而可以在一组严重的突发事件下模拟电力系统的行为。作为补充，创建了一个专门用于对保护系统行为进行系统分析的活动，试图确保保护系统不会以与预期不同的方式发挥作用。本文解释了用于选择应被模拟的更为严重的突发事件的方法。在葡萄牙输电网中，以帮助防止重大干扰并描述选定的干扰。它还描述了葡萄牙已经开展的一些行动的实施和结果，即：rn1。天然气联合循环电厂跳闸后输电电网行为的模拟和结果rn2。保护系统活动的实施和收益行为分析。

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