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首页> 外文会议>Transportation Research Circular no.E-C104; TRB(Transportation Research Board) Annual Meeting; 200601; Washington,DC(US) >Seismic Design and Retrofit of Bridges Using Load and Resistance Factor Design: Past, Present, and Future
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Seismic Design and Retrofit of Bridges Using Load and Resistance Factor Design: Past, Present, and Future

机译：使用荷载和阻力系数设计的桥梁抗震设计与改造：过去，现在和未来

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摘要

For almost 70 years, bridges in the United States have been designed using a working stress design specification, updated at regular intervals to reflect recent research results and field experience. Nevertheless, growing concern with inconsistencies in the specifications, and the fact that variability in the loads and materials were not explicitly addressed, an entirely new specification was developed in the early 1990s based on load and resistance factor design (LRFD). This new document is the LRFD Bridge Design Specifications and is the subject of this paper. In particular, the seismic design provisions are presented and the selection of load and resistance factors is discussed. Bridge performance in recent earthquakes is then reviewed and it is concluded that refinements are necessary to the LRFD methodology in order to explicitly consider response for multilevel earthquakes. Performance-based design (PBD) is introduced, and recent efforts to implement PBD for new and existing bridges are discussed. Specifically, efforts to introduce dual-level PBD for the design and retrofit of bridges, by AASHTO and FHWA respectively, are summarized.
机译：在近70年的时间里，美国桥梁采用的工作应力设计规范进行了设计，并定期更新以反映最新的研究结果和现场经验。然而，由于人们越来越担心规范之间的矛盾，并且没有明确解决载荷和材料的可变性这一事实，因此在1990年代初期根据载荷和阻力因子设计（LRFD）制定了全新的规范。此新文档是LRFD桥设计规范，并且是本文的主题。特别是，提出了抗震设计规定，并讨论了荷载和阻力系数的选择。然后回顾了最近地震中的桥梁性能，并得出结论，有必要对LRFD方法进行改进，以便明确考虑多级地震的响应。介绍了基于性能的设计（PBD），并讨论了为新桥和现有桥实施PBD的最新工作。具体而言，总结了分别由AASHTO和FHWA引入双层PBD进行桥梁设计和改造的工作。

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