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首页> 外文会议>Urban air quality : Monitoring and modelling >AIR QUALITY AND MONITORING STRATEGY IN THE HELSINKI METROPOLITAN AREA, FINLAND
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AIR QUALITY AND MONITORING STRATEGY IN THE HELSINKI METROPOLITAN AREA, FINLAND

机译：芬兰赫尔辛基都市区的空气质量和监测策略

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摘要

The Helsinki Metropolitan Area Council (YTV) is responsible for air quality monitoring in the Helsinki area. Air quality has been monitored periodically since the late 1950s. An automatic SO_2 monitoring network was constructed in 1975 and TSP measurements were added in 1978. Since then the network has been expanded and currently five automatic multicomponent stations form the basis of the network monitoring SO_2, NO, NO_2, CO, PM_(10) and O_3 concentrations. Manual TSP and PM_(10) measurements are also conducted. Mobile monitoring units are also being used as well as special measurement campaigns. The effects of air pollution on nature are studied in bioindicator monitoring. An air quality index is used in order to inform the public of the current air quality situation. Changes in air quality are reflected in monitoring strategy. SO_2 concentrations have decreased in the past two decades. Annual averages in 1995 were at or below 5 μg/m~3. Traffic is the major source for pollutants even though catalytic converters have lowered traffic emissions somewhat. The highest annual average NO_2 concentration at an urban site was 49 μg/m~3 in 1995, and there has been no clear change in NO_2 levels. There has been a decreasing trend in CO concentrations. Maximum annual TSP and PM_(10) averages in 1995 were 92 and 32 μg/m~3, respectively. The highest average lead concentration was 0.01 μg/m~3. Elevated concentrations are experienced from time to time. During the spring daily TSP and PM_(10) concentrations can go up to around 300 and 150 μg/m~3, respectively. This is caused by resuspension mainly due to street sanding. Also a major winter NO_2 episode occurred in December 1995. The highest hourly NO_2 concentrations reached 400 μg/m~3.
机译：赫尔辛基大都会区议会（YTV）负责赫尔辛基地区的空气质量监测。自1950年代后期以来，一直定期监测空气质量。 1975年建立了一个自动SO_2监测网络，并在1978年添加了TSP测量值。此后，该网络得到了扩展，目前有五个自动多组分站构成了网络监测SO_2，NO，NO_2，CO，PM_（10）和O_3浓度。还执行手动TSP和PM_（10）测量。移动监视单元以及特殊的测量活动也正在使用。在生物指标监测中研究了空气污染对自然的影响。为了向公众通报当前的空气质量状况，使用了空气质量指数。空气质量的变化反映在监测策略中。在过去的二十年中，SO_2的浓度有所下降。 1995年的年平均值为5μg/ m〜3或以下。交通是污染物的主要来源，尽管催化转化器已在一定程度上降低了交通排放。 1995年，城市地区的最高平均NO_2浓度为49μg/ m〜3，并且NO_2水平没有明显变化。一氧化碳浓度呈下降趋势。 1995年的最高年度TSP和PM_（10）平均值分别为92和32μg/ m〜3。最高平均铅浓度为0.01μg/ m〜3。浓度会不时升高。在春季，每天的TSP和PM_（10）浓度可能分别高达300和150μg/ m〜3。这是由于主要由于街道打磨而引起的重新悬浮。 1995年12月，冬季还发生了一次重要的冬季NO_2事件。每小时最高的NO_2浓度达到400μg/ m〜3。

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  • 会议地点 Hatfield(GB)
  • 作者

    K. HAEMEKOSKI; T. KOSKENTALO;

  • 作者单位

    Helsinki Metropolitan Area Council (YTV), Environmental Office P.O. Box 521, 00521 Helsinki, Finland;

    Helsinki Metropolitan Area Council (YTV), Environmental Office P.O. Box 521, 00521 Helsinki, Finland;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 大气监测;
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