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STATUS OF THE TRADE EXPERIMENT

机译：贸易实验状况

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The paper describes the status and the main technical achievements in view of the preparation of the TRADE experiment to be performed in the TRIGA reactor of the ENEA Casaccia Centre in Italy. The first beam operation is foreseen for early 2007 and the first operation of the full experiment in TRIGA by early 2008. Substantial improvements have recently been introduced with respect to the original design developed in 2002-2003, both in the functionality of the components and in the general layout of the experiment, within the main target goals already described in previous papers. The main additional elements of TRADE with respect to the already-existing TRIGA-1 MWatt reactor are: (1) a high-energy accelerator with a suitable current and conservative, well-proven technologies, (2) a beam transport line to bring the beam in the TRIGA reactor operated as a subcritical system, (3) a solid target inserted in the core of TRIGA with the purpose of producing an adequate neutron source by the spallation reaction, and (4) additional shielding due to the production and injection of a particle beam in order to conservatively ensure an adequate radiation protection of the above new components. The accelerator chosen is a compact negative ion (H~-) accelerator with an energy of approximately 140 MeV and a variable current with a maximum of about 300 μA. The beam transport has been drastically simplified with respect to previous designs, reducing the integrated bending power to the minimal 90° required by the difference in orientation of the horizontal accelerator and the vertical access tube to the spallation target. The presence of an extracted proton beam introduces significant contributions in terms of beam losses and additional radioactivity in the immediate vicinities of the accelerator, beam transport and target. To this effect additional shields have been introduced both in the regions immediately adjacent to the active elements and some additional conservative shielding in the form of a full "box" around the full reactor building, but physically well separated from the reactor structure. The present schedule of TRADE foresees the first accelerator operation by early 2007. A period of one year is foreseen for the operation of the beam transport and the spallation target in the so-called "test station" realised in the accelerator building. When all possible certifications of the operability of the target system have been successfully completed the coupling between the accelerator and TRIGA will become operational.
机译：本文介绍了准备在意大利ENEA卡萨奇亚中心的TRIGA反应器中进行的TRADE实验的现状和主要技术成就。预计将在2007年初进行首次光束操作，并在2008年初在TRIGA中进行全面实验的首次操作。最近对2002-2003年开发的原始设计进行了重大改进，无论是组件的功能还是在实验的总体布局，在先前论文已经描述的主要目标范围内。与已经存在的TRIGA-1 MWatt反应堆相比，TRADE的其他主要要素是：（1）具有适当电流和经过成熟验证的先进技术的高能加速器，（2）束流输送线可将TRIGA反应堆中的电子束作为次临界系统运行；（3）插入TRIGA堆芯中的固体靶，目的是通过散裂反应产生足够的中子源；（4）由于产生和注入而产生的额外屏蔽为了保守地确保上述新组件具有足够的辐射防护而使用了粒子束。选择的加速器是一种紧凑的负离子（H〜-）加速器，其能量约为140 MeV，可变电流的最大值约为300μA。相对于先前的设计，光束传输已得到了极大的简化，将水平加速器和垂直进入管相对于散裂靶材的定向差异所需的积分弯曲功率降低到最小90°。提取的质子束的存在在加速器，束传输和目标的附近附近的束损失和附加放射性方面带来了重大贡献。为此，已经在紧邻活性元件的区域中引入了额外的屏蔽，并且在整个反应堆建筑物周围以完全“盒子”的形式引入了一些额外的保守屏蔽，但是在物理上与反应堆结构良好地分开。目前的TRADE时间表预计到2007年初将进行第一次加速器运行。预计在加速器建筑物中实现的所谓“测试站”中的光束传输和散裂目标的运行时间为一年。成功完成目标系统的所有可操作性证明后，加速器和TRIGA之间的耦合将开始工作。

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