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首页> 外文会议>Vehicle aerodynamics, 2012. >Study on the Capability of an Open Source CFD Software for Unsteady Vehicle Aerodynamics
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Study on the Capability of an Open Source CFD Software for Unsteady Vehicle Aerodynamics

机译：开源CFD软件对不稳定车辆空气动力学的功能研究

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摘要

A wind-tunnel experiment investigating unsteady flow phenomena around a generic notchback during single crosswind gusts is modeled with the open source CFD package OpenFOAM®. The overall objective is to assess the capability and accuracy achieved by the simulation tool with respect to its potential for industrial usage. Transient yaw simulations apply a sliding interface between two computational grids, which are generated using the commercial software Spider®. It is shown that a stable simulation process is feasible but requires long computation times. The physical accuracy of the investigated phenomena depends on the computational grid and on the turbulence model used. Although the obtained aerodynamic loads qualitatively correspond with the experimental results, the absolute values are not satisfactory when working with a coarse grid with 6.2 million cells. Then, characteristic surface pressure distributions and their transient development differ from the experimental data. Consequently, the phase shifts of the computed load transients against the model motion are incorrect. In contrast, steady calculations for constant yaw on a refined mesh with 10.9 million cells using alternative turbulence models deliver better results. A realizable k-£ model proves to predict the wake flow most accurate, since solely this model captures the dominating leeward inflow at the rear lights observed in the experiment. As a consequence, the estimation of aerodynamic loads being relevant for the driving stability of vehicles in gusty crosswind is largely improved by using this setup. Considering the additional computational resources needed for performing transient yaw simulations with the improved setup, this was not accomplished in this study.
机译：使用开源CFD软件包OpenFOAM®对风洞实验进行了研究，该实验研究了单个侧风期间在通用斜口周围的非稳态流动现象。总体目标是就该仿真工具的工业应用潜力评估其功能和准确性。瞬态偏航仿真在两个计算网格之间应用了滑动界面，这是使用商业软件Spider®生成的。结果表明，稳定的仿真过程是可行的，但需要较长的计算时间。研究现象的物理精度取决于计算网格和所使用的湍流模型。尽管所获得的空气动力学载荷在质量上与实验结果相符，但是当使用具有620万个单元的粗糙网格时，绝对值并不令人满意。然后，特征表面压力分布及其瞬态发展与实验数据不同。因此，计算出的负载瞬变相对于模型运动的相移是不正确的。相比之下，使用替代湍流模型对带有1,090万个像元的精制网格进行恒定偏航的稳定计算可得出更好的结果。一个可实现的k-£模型证明可以最准确地预测尾流，因为仅此模型就可以捕获在实验中观察到的尾灯处的主要背风流入。结果，通过使用该设置大大改善了与大风侧风中的车辆的行驶稳定性有关的空气动力学负载的估计。考虑到使用改进的设置来执行瞬态偏航仿真所需的其他计算资源，该研究未完成。

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