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首页> 外文会议>Waste management 2004 symposium (WM'04): waste management, energy security and a clean environment >MONITORING THE PERFORMANCE OF AN ALTERNATIVE COVER USING CAISSON LYSIMETERS
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MONITORING THE PERFORMANCE OF AN ALTERNATIVE COVER USING CAISSON LYSIMETERS

机译：使用CAISSON LYSIMETERS监控替代盖的性能

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The U.S.Department of Energy(DOE)office in Grand Junction,Colorado,and the U.S.Environmental Protection Agency(EPA),Region 8,collaborated on a series of field lysimeter studies to design and monitor the performance of an alternative cover for a uranium mill tailings disposal cell at the Monticello,Utah,Superfund Site.Because groundwater recharge is naturally limited at Monticello in areas with thick loess soils,DOE and EPA chose to design a cover for Monticello using local soils and a native plant community to mimic this natural soil-water balance. rnTwo large drainage lysimeters fabricated of corrugated steel culvert lined with high-density polyethylene were installed to evaluate the hydrological and ecological performance of an alternative cover design constructed in 2000 on the disposal cell.Unlike conventional,low-permeability designs,this cover relies on(1)the water storage capacity of a 163-cm soil“sponge”layer overlying a sand-and-gravel capillary barrier to retain precipitation while plants are dormant and(2)native vegetation to remove precipitation during the growing season.The sponge layer consists of a clay loam subsoil compacted to 1.65 g/cm~2 in one lysimeter and a loam topsoil compacted to 1.45 g/cm~2 in the other lysimeter,representing the range of as-built conditions constructed in the nearby disposal cell cover. rnAbout 0.1 mm of drainage occurred in both lysimeters during an average precipitation year and before they were planted,an amount well below the EPA target of <3.0 mm/yr.However,the cover with less compacted loam topsoil sponge had a 40%greater water storage capacity than the cover with overly compacted clay loam subsoil sponge.The difference is attributable in part to higher green leaf area and water extraction by plants in the loam topsoil.The lesson learned is that seemingly subtle differences in soil types,sources,and compaction can result in salient differences in performance.Diverse,seeded communities of predominantly native perennial species were established on both lysimeters during an extended 3-yr drought,highlighting the importance of a sound understanding of the local ecology and of implementing the science and methods of disturbed-land revegetation.
机译：科罗拉多州大章克申的美国能源部（DOE）办公室和美国环境保护局（EPA），第8区，合作进行了一系列现场溶渗仪研究，以设计和监控铀厂替代盖的性能超级基金所在地犹他州蒙蒂塞洛的尾矿处置池。由于蒙蒂塞洛在黄土肥沃地区的地下水补给自然受到限制，DOE和EPA选择使用当地土壤和原生植物群落为蒙蒂塞洛设计覆盖物，以模仿这种天然土壤-水平衡。 rn安装了两个由高密度聚乙烯衬砌的波纹钢涵构成的大型排水测渗仪，以评估2000年在处置池上建造的替代覆盖物设计的水文和生态性能。与传统的低渗透性设计不同，该覆盖物依赖于（ 1）163 cm的土壤“海绵”层的储水能力，覆盖在砂砾毛细屏障上，可在植物处于休眠状态时保持降水；（2）原生植被在生长季节可去除降水。海绵层包括在一个渗滤器中压实至1.65 g / cm〜2的黏土壤土和在另一个渗滤器中压实至1.45 g / cm〜2的壤土表土，代表了在附近处置池盖中建造条件的范围。 rn在一个平均降水年和种植前，两个测渗仪都发生了约0.1 mm的排水，该量远低于EPA目标<3.0 mm / yr。但是，密实性低的表土海绵海绵的表层水分高40％储存能力要比用过密实的壤土海绵覆盖的储藏能力高。差异的部分原因是壤土表土中绿叶面积增加和植物抽水。吸取的教训是土壤类型，来源和压实度看似细微的差异可能会导致性能上的显着差异。在持续3年的干旱期间，两个蒸渗仪上都建立了主要由多年生物种组成的多样，播种的群落，突显了对当地生态以及实施干扰科学和方法的正确认识的重要性。土地植被。

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