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Assessment of water quality variation in Amite River watershed under changing climate and land use

机译：气候和土地利用变化下阿米特河流域水质变化的评估

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Water quality in the Amite River watershed in southeastern Louisiana, USA, has experienced significant spatial and temporal variations over the past decades due to the impacts of land-use change and climate change. To identify water quality variation trends in the watershed under the combined effects of land-use and climate change, a temporal trend analysis and a spatial variation analysis were conducted using a statistical approach and long-term time series data for land use, flow, and water quality parameters including water temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO), total suspended solids (TSS) and total organic carbon (TOC). To understand spatial variation in water quality, the data were split into upstream (Darlington) and downstream (Port Vincent) sets. To understand temporal variation in water quality, the data were split into two groups corresponding to the means of the two periods 1975-1990 and 1990-2005. Results of the statistical analysis show that the global warming has led to an increasing trend in water temperature and a decreasing trend in instream DO, especially in summer months. The mean DO concentration at Darlington dropped from 8.35 mg/L before 1990 to 5.90 mg/L after 1990 due to climate change. The DO concentration at Port Vincent further dropped from 6.76 mg/L before 1990 to 5.75 mg/L after 1990 due to combined effects of land-use and climate change. The DO variation follows a normal distribution. The TSS concentrations were higher at downstream sites in general due to urban development, but no significant temporal variation trend was observed. The TOC concentrations increased over the past decades. Land cover and land-use change also produced a significant increase in TOC concentrations from upstream to downstream sites. The resuts demonstrate that land-use and climate change may adversely affect water quality and the impact of land use and climate change should be taken into account in Total Maximum Daily Load development and water resources management.
机译：由于土地利用变化和气候变化的影响，美国路易斯安那州东南部的阿米特河（Amite River）流域的水质在过去几十年中经历了明显的时空变化。为了确定在土地利用和气候变化共同作用下的流域水质变化趋势，使用统计方法和土地利用，流量和土地利用的长期时间序列数据进行了时间趋势分析和空间变化分析。水质参数包括水温，溶解氧（DO），总悬浮固体（TSS）和总有机碳（TOC）。为了了解水质的空间变化，将数据分为上游（达灵顿）和下游（文森特港）集。为了了解水质的时间变化，将数据分为两组，分别对应于1975-1990年和1990-2005年这两个时期的平均值。统计分析结果表明，全球变暖已导致水温上升趋势和下游溶解氧下降趋势，特别是在夏季。由于气候变化，达灵顿的平均溶解氧浓度从1990年之前的8.35 mg / L下降到1990年之后的5.90 mg / L。由于土地利用和气候变化的共同影响，文森特港的溶解氧浓度从1990年之前的6.76 mg / L进一步下降到1990年之后的5.75 mg / L。 DO变化遵循正态分布。由于城市发展，下游地区的TSS浓度总体较高，但未观察到明显的时间变化趋势。在过去的几十年中，TOC浓度有所增加。从上游到下游，土地覆盖和土地利用的变化也导致TOC浓度显着增加。结果表明，土地利用和气候变化可能对水质产生不利影响，在“每日最大总负荷”开发和水资源管理中应考虑到土地利用和气候变化的影响。

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