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首页> 外文会议>Workshop on Coastal Area Planning and Management in Asian Tsunami-Affected Countries; 20060927-29; Bangkok(TH) >Pre-and post-tsunami coastal planning and land-use policies and issues in Bangladesh
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Pre-and post-tsunami coastal planning and land-use policies and issues in Bangladesh

机译：海啸前后孟加拉国的沿海规划和土地使用政策及问题

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摘要

The coastal zone of Bangladesh covers 19 coastal districts and the exclusive economic zone (EEZ); it is prone to multiple threats. The 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami caused no significant damage to the coast. Natural disasters have direct and indirect impacts on land resources and their use. In coastal Bangladesh, the major land uses comprise agriculture, shrimp and fish farming, forestry, urban development and other settlement needs. There is demand for expansion of all current land use, while the need for new exploitation is also emerging. Moreover, land is being degraded or lost due to the effects of increased salinization, flooding and erosion. Since the 1960s, measures to address these problems have been polderization, land reclamation and coastal afforestation. However, new land is being generated through accretion. Newly emerging lands are being captured by local power-brokers and the government's land allocation programme has been implemented slowly. Lately, the government has promulgated the Land Use Policy (2001), Coastal Zone Policy (2005), Tsunami Vulnerability Map (2005) and Coastal Development Strategy (2006). The government has also accepted an indicative land zoning plan. However, much remains to be done in implementing the recently adopted Coastal Zone Policy and the establishment of Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) — coordination, demarcation of land zoning, mangrove afforestation through community participation, better preparedness against disaster and the introduction of modern land management systems.
机译：孟加拉国的沿海地区覆盖19个沿海地区和专属经济区（EEZ）；它容易受到多种威胁。 2004年印度洋海啸未对海岸造成重大破坏。自然灾害对土地资源及其使用有直接和间接的影响。在孟加拉国沿海，主要土地用途包括农业，对虾和养鱼业，林业，城市发展和其他定居需求。在扩大目前所有土地利用的需求的同时，也出现了新的开采需求。此外，由于盐碱化，洪水泛滥和侵蚀加剧，土地正在退化或丧失。自1960年代以来，解决这些问题的措施一直是开拓土地，开垦土地和沿海造林。但是，新土地是通过增生而产生的。当地的电力经纪人正在占领新兴土地，而政府的土地分配计划则进展缓慢。最近，政府颁布了《土地使用政策》（2001年），《沿海地区政策》（2005年），《海啸脆弱性地图》（2005年）和《沿海发展战略》（2006年）。政府还接受了指示性土地分区计划。但是，在实施最近通过的沿海区政策和建立综合沿海区管理（ICZM）方面，还有很多工作要做–协调，划定土地分区，通过社区参与进行红树林造林，更好地准备抗灾和引进现代土地管理系统。

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