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首页> 外文会议>Workshop on Wood―Cement Composites in the Asia―Pacific Region, Dec 10, 2000, Canberra, Australia >The Use and Processing of Rice Straw in the Manufacture of Cement-bonded Fibreboard
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The Use and Processing of Rice Straw in the Manufacture of Cement-bonded Fibreboard

机译：稻草在水泥纤维板生产中的使用和加工

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The total land area planted to rice in the Philippines is 3 144 400 ha, and 1.5 t of rice straw is generated for every tonne of rice harvested. Rice straw can be used in the manufacture of products such as cement-bonded fibreboard, to help alleviate the problem of its disposal, but the processing conditions to optimise the properties of cement-bonded rice straw fibreboards have not been determined. In this study, rice straw was soaked in tap water for 48 h and defibrated in a refiner with an opening of 0.2―0.4 cm. Cement:rice-straw ratios of 60:40 and 50:50 were used. Calcium chloride, aluminium sulphate or sodium silicate were added to accelerate curing and hardening. The average fibre lengths of rice straw were 1.43 mm and 1.32 mm for the first and second disintegration processes, respectively, and average diameters were 0.017 mm and 0.151 mm, respectively. The average densities of the 60:40 and 50:50 boards were 1.67 g cm~(-3) and 1.43 g cm~(-3), respectively. The 60:40 boards with both calcium chloride and sodium silicate as chemical additives exhibited the lowest thickness swelling while the 50:50 boards with no chemical additive exhibited the highest thickness swelling. In general, 60:40 boards absorbed less water than 50:50 boards. The 60:40 board with sodium silicate and calcium chloride had the highest modulus of rupture and modulus of elasticity, while 50:50 boards with calcium chloride had the lowest. The capacity of boards to hold fasteners and nails was evaluated using a nail-head pull through test. Results showed that the 60:40 board with sodium silicate and calcium chloride had the highest nail-head pull through strength. The study clearly showed that rice straw could be used as feedstock for the manufacture of cement-bonded fibreboards. The physical and mechanical properties of cement-bonded fibreboards made from rice straw were comparable with those of other boards available in the market.
机译：菲律宾的水稻种植总面积为314.400万公顷，每收获一吨大米可产生1.5吨稻草。稻草可以用于制造诸如水泥粘结的纤维板的产品，以减轻其处置问题，但是尚未确定使水泥粘结的稻草纤维板的性能最优化的加工条件。在这项研究中，稻草被浸入自来水中48小时，并在开口为0.2-0.4厘米的精制机中进行纤维分离。水泥：稻草比为60:40和50:50。加入氯化钙，硫酸铝或硅酸钠以加速固化和硬化。第一次和第二次分解过程中稻草的平均纤维长度分别为1.43 mm和1.32 mm，平均直径分别为0.017 mm和0.151 mm。 60:40和50:50板的平均密度分别为1.67 g cm〜（-3）和1.43 g cm〜（-3）。同时使用氯化钙和硅酸钠作为化学添加剂的60:40木板的厚度溶胀最低，而没有化学添加剂的50:50木板的厚度溶胀最高。通常，60:40的木板吸收的水分少于50:50的木板。具有硅酸钠和氯化钙的60:40板的断裂模量和弹性模量最高，而具有氯化钙的50:50板的断裂模量和弹性模量最低。使用钉头拉通测试评估板固定紧固件和钉子的能力。结果表明，由硅酸钠和氯化钙组成的60:40板具有最高的钉头穿透力。这项研究清楚地表明，稻草可以用作制造水泥粘合纤维板的原料。用稻草制成的水泥粘合纤维板的物理和机械性能与市场上其他板的物理性能相当。

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