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首页> 外文会议>World Landslide Forum 3, Volume 4: Discussion Session >Understanding the Mechanism of Large-scale Landslides
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Understanding the Mechanism of Large-scale Landslides

机译：了解大规模滑坡的机理

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摘要

We review recent work on large-scale landslide research that has been carrying out by the State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, SKLGP.Based on intensive field investigations of large-scale landslides, several failure modes of gravitational and earthquake-induced landslides were proposed, which are widely applied in landslide hazard assessment and mitigation in China.For the gravitational landslides (including the rainfall-induced ones), a locking-section that resists landslide deformation has been commonly observed in many cases.The failure of the locking-section under the natural or human forces often causes the sudden failure of the whole slope, producing large-scale and high-speed landslides.Another failure mechanism "toppling" is not a new term, but the deep-seated large-scale toppling failures have been rarely studied.The slopes composed by anti-inclined lamellar weak strata or weak-hard rock intercalated strata are characterized by this type of failure.The toppling degree and stability are closed related to the strength and thickness of rock strata.The rock strata may experience large flexible bending deformations and failure only occurs when the deformation accumulates to a certain critical value.A deformation zone classification is proposed to assess the deformation stage and degree of toppling failure, which is also a key to evaluate the stability and mitigation of such type of landslides.The research on landsides induced by the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake has also been reviewed.Based on the field investigation of more than 100 coseismic landslides, we found that these landslides had quite different characteristics from those produced under general gravity force.The head scarps of the coseismic landsides are serrated, rough, and steep due to the tensile stress, which are different from the smooth arcshaped scarps of the gravitational landslide, caused by the shear stress.We found that tensile cracking, shattering and shearing are the basic failure components.The failure mechanism of most large-scale landslides can be explained by one mode or the combination of several modes.The aftershock monitoring and largescale shaking table tests have been carried out to better understand the slope response to seismic wave.We found that factors contributing to susceptibility of a certain area to earthquake-induced landslides are distance from seismic fault, slope profile types, slope angle and elevation.
机译：我们回顾了由SKLGP地质灾害预防与地质环境保护国家重点实验室开展的大规模滑坡研究的最新工作。基于对大规模滑坡的深入实地调查，重力和地震诱发滑坡的几种破坏模式在重力滑坡（包括降雨诱发的滑坡）中，在许多情况下通常观察到抵抗滑坡变形的锁定剖面。自然力或人为力作用下的横断面通常会引起整个斜坡的突然破坏，从而产生大规模和高速的滑坡。另一个“倒塌”的破坏机制并不是一个新名词，而是深层次的大规模倾覆破坏。反倾斜层状薄弱岩层或弱硬岩层夹层组成的边坡具有这种类型的特征。倾覆的程度和稳定性与岩层的强度和厚度有关，其闭合性是闭合的。岩层可能会经历较大的柔性弯曲变形，且仅当变形累积到一定的临界值时才会发生破坏。评估此类滑坡的变形阶段和破坏程度，这也是评估此类滑坡的稳定性和缓解程度的关键.2008年汶川地震诱发的陆坡研究也进行了综述。我们发现100个同震滑坡与一般重力作用下产生的滑坡具有完全不同的特征。由于拉应力，同震滑坡的头部陡坡呈锯齿状，粗糙且陡峭，与光滑弧状陡坡不同。由剪切应力引起的重力滑坡。我们发现拉伸裂纹，破碎和剪切是大多数滑坡的破坏机理。可以通过一种模式或几种模式的组合来解释大多数大型滑坡的破坏机理。进行了余震监测和大型振动台试验，以更好地理解边坡对地震波的响应。我们发现，导致某个地区易受地震诱发的滑坡影响的因素是距地震断层的距离，坡度剖面类型，坡度角和高程。

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