声明
摘要
Abstract
Table of Contents
1 Introduction
1．1 Background and Reasons for Choosing the Topic
1．2 The Purpose and Significance of the Study
1．3 Organization of the Thesis
1．4 Researeh Questions
2 Literature Review
2．1 Previous Studies on Catford’s Translation Shift Abroad
2．2 Studies on Translation Shifts in China
3 Theoretical Framework
3．1 Catford’s Translation Shift Theory
3．1．1 Level-shifts
3．1．2 Category-shifts
3．1．3 Structure-shifts
3．1．4 Class-shifts
3．1．5 Unit-shifts
3．1．6 Intra-system-shift
3．1．7 Features of Catford’s Translation
3．2 Nida’s Theory of Functional Equivalence
3．2．1 Formal Equivalence／Dynamic Equivalence
3．2．2 Reader’s Equivalent Responses
3．3 The Features of Nida’s Theory
3．4 The Comparison of Cafford’s Translation Shifts and Nida’s Theory
4 The Advantage of Catford’s Translation Shifts Applied in the Versions
4．1 Structure-shifts Applied in the Versions
4．1．1 Shifts from Passive Voice to Active Voice Applied in Versions
4．1．2 Shifts from Subject-prominent Sentences to Topic-prominent Sentences
4．1．3 Shifts from Non-animate Subjects to Animate Subjects
4．1．4 Shifts from the Negative Sentences to the Affirmative Sentences
4．2 Unit-shifts Applied in the Versions
4．2．1 Shifts from Words to Phrases
4．2．2 Shifts from Words or Phrases to Clause
4．2．3 Shifts-from Simple or Compound Sentences to Compound or Complex Sentences or Sentence Groups Applied in the Versions
4．2．4 Shifts from Clauses and Sentences to Phrases and Words
4．3 Class-shifts Applied in the versions
4．3．1 Shifts from English Abstract Nouns to Chinese Specific Verb
5 Conclusion
5．1 Major Findings of the Study
5．2 Limitations of the Study and Suggestions for Further Research
Reference
Acknowledgements
