An Empirical Analysis on the Effect of Higher Education to Individual Economic Growth - Perspectives of Students in Univerisity of Abuja in Nigeria

ACRONYMS

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION

1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

1.3 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY

1.4 RESEARCH QUESTION

1.5 STATEMENT OF HYPOTHESIS

1.6 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

1.7 SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

1.8 JUSTIFICATION FOR THE STUDY

1.9 OPERATIONAL DEFINITION OF TERMS

CHAPTER TWO REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

2.1 INTRODUCTION

2.2 CONCEPTUAL AND THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

2.2.1 THE CONCEPT OF EDUCATION

2.2.2 CONCEPT OF HIGHER EDUCATION

2.2.3 ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT/GROWTH AND THE AFFECTING FACTORS

2.2.4 CONCEPT OF INDIVIDUAL ECONOMIC GROWTH

2.3 THE ROLE OF HIGHER EDUCATION

2.3.1 EVOLUTION OF THE HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM IN NIGERIA

2.3.2 ECONOMIC AND NON-ECONOMIC BENEFITS OF HIGHER EDUCATION

2.3.3 IMPACT FACTORS OF HIGHER EDUCATION WITH RELATIONS TO INDIVIDUAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

2.3.4 PUBLIC AND PRIVATE BENEFITS OF HIGHER EDUCATION

2.3.5 HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS AND INDIVIDUAL ECONOMIC GROWTH

2.3.6 PUSHING INDIVIDUAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT WITH LIMITED HIGHER EDUCATION INVESTMENT IN NIGERIA

2.3.7 NIGERIAN EDUCATION AND INDIVIDUAL ECONOMIC GROWTH

2.3.8 THE EFFECT OF HIGHER EDUCATION ON INDIVIDUAL ECONOMIC GROWTH

2.3.9 HIGHER EDUCATION THEORETICAL TIES TO INDIVIDUAL ECONOMIC GROWTH

2.4 REVIEW OF EMPIRICAL STUDIES

2.5 EVOLUTION OF THE EDUCATION POLICY IN NIGERIA

2.5.1 NIGERIA EDUCATION POLICY BEFORE AMALGAMATION (1841–1908)

2.5.2 NIGERIA EDUCATION POLICY FROM AMALGAMATION TO PRE-INDEPENDENCE (1914–1960)

2.5.3 EDUCATION ORDINANCE OF 1948

2.5.5 THE NIGERIAN EDUCATION ORDINANCE OF 1952

2.5.6 1955, 1956 AND 1957 REGIONAL EDUCATION LAWS IN NIGERIA

2.5.7 1959 ASHBY REPORT IN NIGERIA

2.5.8 NIGERIAN EDUCATION POLICY FROM 1960 TO 2013

2.5.9 EDUCATION POLICY OF 1977

2.5.10 EDUCATION LAWS OF THE MILITARY ERA 1979 TO 1999

2.5.11 EDUCATIONAL POLICIES SINCE 1999

2.5.12 SUMMARY OF EDUCATION POLICY IN NIGERIA

2.6 EDUCATION POLICY IN CHINA

2.6.1 PREVAILING THINKING BEHIND EDUCATIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN CHINA

2.6.2 POLICY TRENDS FOR GLOBALIZED EDUCATIONAL DEVELOPMENT

2.6.3 CHALLENGES OF EDUCATIONAL POLICY DEVELOPMENT IN CHINA

2.6.4 CHINA'S EDUCATION DEVELOPMENT ISSUES

2.6.5 VALUE OF EDUCATION IN CHINA

2.7 NIGERIA’S AND CHINA EDUCATIONAL COOPERATION AND ECONOMIC GROWTH

2.8 CHALLENGES OF HIGHER EDUCATION IN NIGERIA

2.8.1 INADEQUATE FUNDING

2.8.2 INADEQUATE TEACHING STAFF/POOR QUALITY OF TEACHING STAFF

2.8.3 POOR POLICY IMPLEMENTATION

2.8.4 LACK OF RESOURCES

2.8.5 LACK OF INFORMATION COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY FACILITIES

2.8.6 LACK OF VIBRANT STAFF DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMMES

2.8.7 CULTISM AND OTHER VICES

2.8.8 POOR LEADERSHIP

2.9 CHALLENGES FACING HIGHER EDUCATION IN NIGERIA

2.9.1 THE GROWING INVOLVEMENT OF PRIVATE SECTOR PARTICIPATION IN HEIs

2.9.2 GROWING PRIVATIZATION AND COMMERCIALIZATION OF PUBLIC HEIS

2.9.3 SHRINKING STATE FUNDING FOR HIGHER EDUCATION IN NIGERIA

2.9.4 POOR INSTITUTIONAL-INDUSTRIAL COLLABORATION TO AID RESEARCH AND REDUCE UNEMPLOYMENT OF HEIs GRADUATES IN NIGERIA

2.9.5 CHANGING PUBLIC EXPECTATIONS IN NIGERIA

2.9.6 THE CHANGING AND UNCERTAIN JOB MARKET FOR HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTES (HEIs) GRADUATES IN NIGERIA

2.9.7 SHORTAGE OF ACADEMIC STAFF IN NIGERIA

2.9.8 POLITICAL INFLUENCE

2.9.9 RELIGIOUS INFLUENCE

2.9.10 INDUSTRIAL ACTIONS

CHAPTER THREE RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

3.1 INTRODUCTION

3.2 RESEARCH DESIGN

3.3 POPULATION OF THE STUDY

3.4 SAMPLING TECHNIQUE/SAMPLE SIZE

3.5 DESCRIPTION OF RESEARCH INSTRUMENT

3.6 METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION

3.7 METHOD OF DATA ANALYSIS

3.8 TECHNIQUE OF DATA ANALYSIS

CHAPTER FOUR SUMMARY OF FINDINGS

4.1 LEVEL OF RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HIGHER EDUCATION AND INDIVIDUAL ECONOMIC GROWTH IN NIGERIA

4.2 THE CONTRIBUTION OF HIGHER EDUCATION TO ECONOMIC GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA

4.3 MAJOR CHALLENGES BEDEVILING THE IMPLEMENTATION OF EFFECTIVE HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM IN NIGERIA

4.4 THE IMPLICATIONS DRAWN FROM EDUCATION AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT POLICIES OF NIGERIA

4.5 RESULTS OF HYPOTHESIS

4.5 THE LEVEL OF HIGHER EDUCATION IN NIGERIA DOES NOT SIGNIFICANTLY DEPEND ON LACK OF FUNDING

4.6 THE LEVEL OF MANAGEMENT OF NIGERIA HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM IS NOT SIGNIFICANTLY OF HIGH STANDARD

4.7 EFFECT OF THE CHALLENGES OF ACADEMIC STANDARD AND QUALITY IN HIGHER EDUCATION

4.8 SUMMARY OF THE RESULTS

CHAPTER FIVE DATA ANALYSIS, INTERPRETATION OF RESULTS

5.2 ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF THE CONTRIBUTION OF HIGHER EDUCATION TO ECONOMIC GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA

5.3 ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF MAJOR CHALLENGES BEDELIVING THE IMPLEMENTATION OF EFFECTIVE HIGHER EDUCATION IN SYSTEM IN NIGERIA

CHAPTER SIX SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

6.1 INTRODUCTION

6.2 SUMMARY

6.3 CONCLUSION

6.3.1 FUNDING SHORTAGE

6.3.2 HIGHER EDUCATION REFORM

6.3.3 HIGHER EDUCATION CHALLENGES AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPACT

6.3.4 TIME MANAGEMENT AND ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE

6.3.5 CHINA–NIGERIA CO’OPERATION

6.4 SUMMERY OF CONCLUSION

6.5 RECOMMENDATION OF THE STUDY

6.5.1 HIGHER EDUCATION REFORM

6.5.2 TACKLING CHALLENGES FACING NIGERIAN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS

6.5.3 SUMMARY OF RECOMMENDATIONS

6.6 FUTURE STUDIES

参考文献

致谢

RESEARCH QUESTIONNAIRE

APPENDIX B

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