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Macronutrient absorption in Rosa hybrida: The effect of nutrient storage and absorption kinetics in plant nutrient uptake.

机译：蔷薇杂种的大量养分吸收：养分吸收和吸收动力学对植物养分吸收的影响。

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摘要

Macronutrient absorption by Rosa hybrida ‘Kardinal’ plants was measured during three crop cycles. Cyclical patterns of nutrient absorption were observed with reduced uptake following shoot harvest and increased rates as shoots reached maturity. The nitrogen and potassium patterns were compared with simulations from an existing mathematical model. The simulation, which uses shoot growth as the driving force for nutrient absorption, did not accurately predict nitrogen and potassium absorption early in a crop cycle when new shoots represented little plant biomass. A sequential harvest experiment was conducted to quantify macronutrient and carbohydrate distribution and storage in rose plant compartments. Under high light, the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium storage in perennial parts of roses was estimated to provide 44, 48, and 34%, respectively, of the amount required by flower shoots. Carbohydrate and nitrogen storage declined under conditions of low light. Root surface area (RSA) and nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium uptake per RSA were measured over crop cycles under high and low light. Under high light, RSA did not vary over time in a crop cycle. Under low light, RSA declined following a previous shoot harvest. Variation in nutrient absorption was primarily dependent on changes in physiological root activity rather than changes in RSA. In subsequent work, ammonium, phosphate, and potassium Michaelis-Menten kinetic parameters were determined across crop cycles. Temporal changes in maximum absorption rates were primarily attributed to changing plant demand per unit root area. To quantify the influence of internal nutrient status on Michaelis-Menten kinetics, rose plants were deprived of nitrogen, phosphorus, or potassium for zero to twenty days prior to a nutrient depletion study. The maximum influx rates for nitrate and phosphate increased as plant nutrient status decreased, whereas potassium absorption was primarily influenced through an increased potassium affinity. A revised model for macronutrient absorption by roses was developed which include procedures for nutrient storage and remobilization. The revised model was able to account for sustained absorption rates occurring early in a crop cycle when little plant biomass growth occurs and for nutrient content increases in shoots when absorption at the root level is insufficient to meet shoot requirements.
机译：在三个作物周期中测定了Rosa hybrida“ Kardinal”植物对大量养分的吸收。观察到养分吸收的循环模式，收获后的吸收减少，并且随着成熟达到成熟，吸收率增加。将氮和钾的模式与现有数学模型的模拟进行了比较。该模拟将枝条生长作为养分吸收的驱动力，但当新枝条占植物生物量很少时，并不能准确预测作物周期早期的氮和钾吸收。进行了连续收获实验，以量化玫瑰营养植物区系中的大量营养素和碳水化合物的分布和存储。在强光下，玫瑰多年生植物中氮，磷和钾的储存量估计分别占花芽所需量的44％，48％和34％。在弱光条件下，碳水化合物和氮的储存量下降。在高光和低光下，在整个作物周期内测量根表面积（RSA）以及每个RSA吸收的氮，磷和钾。在强光下，RSA在作物周期中不会随时间变化。在低光下，RSA在先前的芽收成后下降。营养吸收的变化主要取决于生理根系活动的变化，而不是RSA的变化。在随后的工作中，确定了整个作物周期的铵离子，磷酸根和钾离子Michaelis-Menten动力学参数。最大吸收率的时间变化主要归因于单位根面积植物需求的变化。为了量化内部养分状况对Michaelis-Menten动力学的影响，在进行养分枯竭研究之前，将玫瑰植物的氮，磷或钾剥夺0至20天。硝酸盐和磷酸盐的最大流入速率随着植物营养状况的降低而增加，而钾吸收主要受钾亲和力增加的影响。开发了玫瑰吸收大量养分的修订模型，其中包括养分存储和运输的程序。修改后的模型能够解释当作物生物量很少增长时在作物周期的早期出现的持续吸收速率，以及当根部水平的吸收不足以满足芽要求时芽中养分含量增加的原因。

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  • 作者

    Mattson, Neil Scott.;

  • 作者单位

    University of California, Davis.;

  • 授予单位 University of California, Davis.;
  • 学科 Agriculture Horticulture.;Biology Plant Physiology.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2007
  • 页码 223 p.
  • 总页数 223
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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