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The early-modern reception of Machiavelli in Spain: A critical edition of Juan Lorenzo Ottevanti's 'Discursos de Machiaueli' (1552).

机译：西班牙马基雅维利的早期现代接待：胡安·洛伦佐·奥特万蒂（Juan Lorenzo Ottevanti）的“ Discursos de Machiaueli”（1552年）的批评版。

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The reception of Machiavelli in Spain is a relatively unexplored object of investigation. The general trend among critics is to use the term Machiavellian uncritically, without examining whether or not their implicit definitions of the term are valid for their discussion. Instead, they use the word as if it conveyed some universal point of view with respect to politics, regardless of any particular cultural context and moment in history in which their definition might have been produced. As a point of departure to correct this tendency, this critical edition of Juan Lorenzo Ottevanti's sixteenth-century Spanish translation of Niccolo Machiavelli's Discourses on Livy recreates the translator's intention, based on the first edition (1552). This text is unique in the history of medieval and Renaissance Spanish translation. Unlike Juan Boscan's loose translation of Castiglione's Courtier, Ottevanti's translation is extremely literal. This gives us the opportunity to see that not only were Machiavelli's ideas available for the Spanish reading public, but his vocabulary as well. More specifically, this translation provided Spaniards access to Machiavelli's vocabulary of contingency, especially the conceptual relationship he establishes between the words fortune, prudence and the common good. In order to demonstrate this, the apparatus includes a list of comparisons between Ottevanti's translation and the original Italian. In addition, the Introduction reexamines Machiavelli's impact on early-modern Spanish political thought by tracing the development of humanist rhetorical and historiographical methods and concepts in Italy and Spain both before and after Ottevanti produced his translation. In this way, it is possible to pinpoint the specific impact that Machiavelli made on the Spanish monarchy's developing imperial ideology both before and after the Florentine's works were first prohibited in Spain in 1583. Specifically, before 1583 Spaniards such as Fadrique Furio Ceriol incorporated Machiavelli's vocabulary of contingency into their own political treatises. After 1583, and after Machiavelli's name had become a polemical catchword during the French Wars of Religion, Spaniards such as Pedro de Ribadeneyra continued to profit from Machiavelli's ideas and vocabulary while they simultaneously misrepresented Machiavelli as a diabolical man who encouraged rulers to be socially egotistical.

机译：西班牙对Machiavelli的接待是一个相对未开发的调查对象。评论家的普遍趋势是不加批判地使用术语Machiavellian，而不检查其对该术语的隐式定义是否对他们的讨论有效。取而代之的是，他们使用这个词就好像它传达了关于政治的某种普遍观点，而与可能产生其定义的任何特定文化背景和历史时刻无关。作为纠正这一趋势的出发点，胡安·洛伦佐·奥特万蒂（Juan Lorenzo Ottevanti）的十六世纪西班牙语译本《尼科洛·马基雅维利的《关于利维的论述》》以第一版（1552）为基础，再现了译者的意图。该文本在中世纪和西班牙文艺复兴时期的翻译历史中是独一无二的。与胡安·博斯坎（Juan Boscan）对卡斯蒂廖内（Castiglione）的《考蒂尔》（Courtier）的松散翻译不同，奥特万蒂（Ottevanti）的翻译极为文字。这使我们有机会看到，不仅马基雅维利的思想可供西班牙阅读大众使用，而且他的词汇也如此。更具体地说，这种翻译为西班牙人提供了马基雅维利的应急词汇，尤其是他在财富，审慎和共同利益之间建立的概念关系。为了证明这一点，该设备包括Ottevanti的译文与原始意大利语之间的比较列表。此外，导言通过追溯奥特万蒂翻译前和后在意大利和西班牙的人文主义修辞学和史学方法和观念的发展，重新审视了马基雅维利对西班牙早期现代政治思想的影响。这样，就有可能查明马基雅维利在1583年首次在西班牙禁止佛罗伦萨的作品创作前后对西班牙君主制不断发展的帝国意识形态产生的具体影响。特别是在1583年之前，诸如法德里克·弗里奥·塞里奥勒这样的西班牙人并入了马基雅维利的词汇偶然性纳入自己的政治论文中。 1583年后，在法国宗教战争期间马基雅维利的名字成为极具争议性的口号之后，诸如佩德罗·德·里巴德尼拉（Pedro de Ribadeneyra）之类的西班牙人继续从马基雅维利的思想和词汇中获利，同时又误称马基雅维利为恶毒的人，鼓励统治者在社会上自负。

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作者
Howard, Keith David.;
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作者单位

University of Virginia.;

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授予单位 University of Virginia.;
学科 Romance literature.;Political science.;European history.
学位 Ph.D.
年度 2008
页码 704 p.
总页数 704
原文格式 PDF
正文语种 eng
中图分类
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The early-modern reception of Machiavelli in Spain: A critical edition of Juan Lorenzo Ottevanti's 'Discursos de Machiaueli' (1552).

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