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首页> 外文学位 >An evaluation of methods used to cover bunker silos with oxygen barrier plastic to maintain the nutritive value of silage.
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An evaluation of methods used to cover bunker silos with oxygen barrier plastic to maintain the nutritive value of silage.

机译：对使用氧气阻隔性塑料覆盖掩体仓以保持青贮饲料营养价值的方法的评估。

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摘要

Three experiments were performed in order to test the effect of different plastic coverings, and covering systems for use in sealing bunker silos. The objective of the first experiment was to evaluate the use of three plastic coverings using laboratory silos. Silos were filled with 14 kg of whole-plant corn forage (37% DM) to a packing density of approximately 223 kg of DM/m3, and were covered with a) 6 mil black/white polyethylene (P0), b) a 1.10 mil thick oxygen barrier plastic (P1), or c) a 1.77 mil thick oxygen barrier plastic (P2). Buckets were sealed and stored at between 20 and 32°C. Buckets were opened at 181 d after ensiling. Laboratory silos covered with P0 tended to have more silage spoiled at the surface compared to P1 and P2. Total DM recovery from the silos tended to be lower in P0 than P1. In addition, P2 tended to have a lower concentration of acetic acid than P0. All other fermentation and chemical contents were similar among treatments. In a second experiment, two different plastic covering systems were assessed as coverings for farm-scale bunker silos. Three silos were filled with about 550 t of whole-plant corn forage. One half of each silo was sealed with one of two covering systems. The traditional system was comprised of covering the silo surface with a 6 mil polyethylene plastic that was weighted down with split tires. A modified system was comprised of a single layer of 1.77 mil oxygen barrier plastic used as sidewall plastic and as a covering on top of the silo. A protective tarpaulin was also placed over the surface plastic, and was weighted down with gravel bags along the length of the sidewall and at the seams. Corn silage was sampled at 5 months post-ensiling. In silos covered with the traditional system, water from rain and melting snow was able to infiltrate into the silage mass closest to wall resulting in poor quality silage. Silage sampled further from the wall was generally of better quality than silage nearer the wall. Silage quality was maintained and not affected by water in silos covered with the modified system. Silage sampled furthest from the wall (not affected by water) had some indices of nutritive value and fermentation end products that were better than silage stored under the traditional plastic. In a third experiment, the same three bunker silos were used to evaluate the use of a thicker 5 mil oxygen barrier plastic (weighted down with gravel bags but not requiring the use of a protective tarp) to normal 6 mil plastic (weighted down with split tires). Side wall plastic was used in both treatments. After 6 months of ensiling, samples were taken at the midpoint of each treatment. In general there was no major advantage in using oxygen barrier plastic in this experiment perhaps because the use of gravel bags as a weighting method was not effective in keeping the plastic flush against the silo surface. This allowed for air to penetrate the plastic through points where animals had caused some damage, resulting in the plastic to balloon in certain sections of the silo. The thicker oxygen barrier plastic did not appear to cling as tightly to the surface of the silage as the thinner oxygen barrier plastic did in the first field experiment, making it necessary to implement a better weighting method for this type of plastic in future experiments.
机译：为了测试不同的塑料覆盖物以及用于密封燃料仓的覆盖系统的效果，进行了三个实验。第一个实验的目的是评估使用实验室筒仓的三种塑料覆盖物的使用。筒仓中装满14千克全植物玉米草料（37％DM），堆积密度约为223千克DM / m3，并用a）600 mil黑色/白色聚乙烯（P0），b）覆盖1.10密尔厚的阻氧塑料（P1），或c）厚1.77密耳的阻氧塑料（P2）。将桶密封并储存在20至32°C之间。装桶后181 d开桶。与P1和P2相比，被P0覆盖的实验室筒仓倾向于在表面破坏更多的青贮饲料。从筒仓中回收的总DM在P0中往往低于P1。另外，P 2倾向于具有比P 0低的乙酸浓度。处理之间的所有其他发酵和化学含量相似。在第二个实验中，评估了两种不同的塑料覆盖系统作为农场规模的掩体仓的覆盖物。三个筒仓中装满了约550吨全植物玉米饲料。每个筒仓的一半用两个覆盖系统之一密封。传统的系统包括用6密耳的聚乙烯塑料覆盖筒仓表面，并用剖分轮胎进行称重。改进的系统由1.77密耳的氧气阻隔性塑料单层组成，用作隔墙塑料和筒仓顶部的覆盖层。保护性的防水油布也放置在表面塑料上，并用砾石袋沿侧壁的长度和接缝处压紧。青贮玉米在青贮后5个月取样。在用传统系统覆盖的筒仓中，雨水和积雪融化的水能够渗入最接近壁的青贮饲料中，从而导致青贮饲料质量差。从壁上取样的青贮饲料的质量通常比靠近壁上的青贮饲料更好。保持了青贮饲料的质量，并且不受改良系统覆盖的筒仓中水的影响。距墙最远的青贮饲料（不受水影响）具有某些营养价值和发酵最终指标，优于传统塑料下贮藏的青贮饲料。在第三个实验中，使用相同的三个掩体仓来评估使用较厚的5密耳氧气阻隔塑料（用砾石袋压下，但不需要使用保护性防水布）与常规的600密耳塑料（用碎裂后的重量压下）轮胎）。两种处理均使用了侧壁塑料。经过6个月的结石，在每次处理的中点取样。通常，在该实验中使用阻氧塑料没有主要优势，也许是因为使用砾石袋作为称重方法无法有效地保持塑料与筒仓表面齐平。这样一来，空气就可以通过塑料穿透动物可能造成伤害的点，从而导致塑料在筒仓的某些区域膨胀。较厚的阻氧塑料似乎没有像第一次现场实验中的较薄的阻氧塑料那样紧紧地附着在青贮饲料的表面，因此有必要在以后的实验中为此类塑料实施更好的称重方法。

著录项

  • 作者

    McDonell, Erin E.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Delaware.$bDepartment of Animal and Food Sciences.;

  • 授予单位 University of Delaware.$bDepartment of Animal and Food Sciences.;
  • 学科 Agriculture Agronomy.
  • 学位 M.S.
  • 年度 2008
  • 页码 88 p.
  • 总页数 88
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 农学（农艺学）;
  • 关键词

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