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首页> 外文学位 >Eastern subterranean termite (Isoptera: Reticulitermes flavipes (Kollar)) entering into buildings and effects on thermal properties of building materials.
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Eastern subterranean termite (Isoptera: Reticulitermes flavipes (Kollar)) entering into buildings and effects on thermal properties of building materials.

机译：进入建筑物的东部地下白蚁（等翅目：Reticulitermes flavipes（Kollar））对建筑材料的热性能有影响。

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摘要

Reticulitermes flavipes (Kollar), were introduced to the top of an arena with a divider of various crack widths. Termites were not able to pass through cracks ≤610 mum, and feed on the bottom of the arena. The minimum crack width permitting termites to pass was 711 mum for workers and larvae or 813 mum for soldiers. The percentage of termites passing through a crack increased as crack width increased from 711 to 5000 mum. For 5000 mum cracks that did not restrict access to the bottom filter paper about 74% of the termites passed through and consumed ∼40 mg filter paper. As crack size decreased to 711 mum only 35% of termites passed through, however, consumption of filter paper on the bottom (∼38 mg) did not significantly decrease. This suggests that any crack ≥711 mum would not limit termite damage in a structure. Head capsule dimensions (length, width, and depth) were measured for termites passing through various crack widths. As crack width increased, the maximum head capsule dimension of termites that passed through the crack also increased linearly. Depth of head capsule was best correlated with crack width that allowed termites to pass through it.;Termites often use plumbing penetrations of concrete slabs to enter a structure. Polyethylene and foam sleeves used to protect pipes from physical damage were found to protect termites from residual soil termiticide treatments. When pipe sleeves extended beyond the termiticide treatment, termites utilized the sleeves as a protected route through the termiticide-treated sand. However when pipe sleeves terminated within the termiticide treatment, termites failed to pass through the slab. Impasse(TM) Termite Blocker installed on pipes prevented termites from passing through the slab at pipe penetrations.;Building construction materials (2x4s, 5-ply plywood, and rigid foam board insulation) were exposed to termites for 8 wk and a method for measuring changes in thermal properties was developed by heating one surface and imaging the temperature on the opposite surface. Termites mainly tunneled into 2x4s penetrating the sample resulting in ∼35% increase in surface temperature (damaged vs. undamaged samples) despite a small amount of damage (6.7% consumed). Plywood damaged by termites (3.1% consumed), was the most thermally damaged with a temperature increase of 74% (damaged vs. undamaged samples). Insulation was significantly the most damaged with ∼12% of the material removed and a temperature increase of ∼27% (damaged vs. undamaged samples).;A heat transfer index was developed to compare thermal properties of termite damaged building construction materials (2x4 and 2x6 pine lumber, 5 ply plywood, T1-11 siding, oriented strandboard, extruded polystyrene, and polyisocyanurate insulation). Termite damaged materials had higher heat transfer indices than undamaged materials The heat transfer index of damaged 2x4 and 2x6 lumber was 37% higher than damaged 5 ply plywood and T1-11 siding: therefore the siding materials were more thermally resistant. As would be expected the insulation materials had lower heat transfer index values than the wood materials. Termite damaged polyisocyanurate was 68% more conductive than the damaged expanded polystyrene insulation.
机译：Reticulitermes flavipes（Kollar）被引入到竞技场的顶部，并具有各种裂缝宽度的分隔线。白蚁不能穿过≤610毫米的裂缝，并不能进入竞技场的底部。允许白蚁通过的最小裂缝宽度为工人和幼虫为711毫米，士兵为813毫米。随着裂缝宽度从711增大到5000 mum，穿过裂缝的白蚁百分比也增加了。对于不限制进入底部滤纸的5000个裂纹，约有74％的白蚁通过并消耗了约40 mg滤纸。当裂纹尺寸减小到711微米时，只有35％的白蚁通过，但是底部滤纸的消耗量（约38毫克）并未显着减少。这表明任何≥711的裂纹都不会限制结构中白蚁的损坏。测量通过各种裂缝宽度的白蚁头部囊的尺寸（长度，宽度和深度）。随着裂纹宽度的增加，穿过裂纹的白蚁的最大头囊尺寸也呈线性增加。顶囊的深度与允许白蚁通过的裂缝宽度最相关。；白蚁通常使用混凝土板的管道穿透来进入结构。发现用于保护管道不受物理损坏的聚乙烯和泡沫套可保护白蚁免于残留的土壤杀白蚁剂处理。当管套超出杀白蚁剂处理范围时，白蚁将其用作经过杀白蚁剂处理的沙子的保护路线。然而，当在白蚁处理剂中终止管套时，白蚁无法通过板坯。安装在管道上的Impasse（TM）白蚁阻滞剂可防止白蚁在管道穿入时穿过平板。建筑建筑材料（2x4s，5层胶合板和硬质泡沫板隔热材料）暴露在白蚁下8周，并采用一种测量方法通过加热一个表面并对另一表面的温度成像，可以发现热性质的变化。尽管有少量损坏（消耗了6.7％），但白蚁主要以2x4s的速度穿透样品，导致表面温度升高约35％（损坏的样品与未损坏的样品）。被白蚁损坏的胶合板（消耗了3.1％）是受热破坏最严重的，温度升高了74％（损坏的样品与未损坏的样品）。隔热是受损最严重的材料，约12％的材料被移除，温度升高约27％（损坏的样品与未损坏的样品相比）.;开发了一种传热指数以比较白蚁损坏的建筑建筑材料的热特性（2x4和2x6松木，5层胶合板，T1-11壁板，定向刨花板，挤出聚苯乙烯和聚异氰脲酸酯绝缘材料）。白蚁损坏的材料的传热指数高于未损坏的材料。损坏的2x4和2x6木材的传热指数比损坏的5层胶合板和T1-11壁板高37％：因此，壁板材料具有更高的耐热性。可以预期，隔热材料的传热指数值低于木质材料。白蚁损坏的聚异氰脲酸酯的导电性比损坏的膨胀聚苯乙烯绝缘材料高68％。

著录项

  • 作者

    Tucker, Cynthia Linton.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Florida.;

  • 授予单位 University of Florida.;
  • 学科 Biology Entomology.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2008
  • 页码 130 p.
  • 总页数 130
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 昆虫学;
  • 关键词

  • 入库时间 2022-08-17 11:39:19

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