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首页> 外文学位 >Rate of diversification in crickets (Orthoptera: Ensifera) and a possible role of F supergroup Wolbachia in bush crickets.
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Rate of diversification in crickets (Orthoptera: Ensifera) and a possible role of F supergroup Wolbachia in bush crickets.

机译：bush的多样性（直翅目：Ensifera）以及F超群Wolbachia在灌木中的可能作用。

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摘要

Part I. Rates of speciation can tell us more than how many species have survived over a period of time. They indicate whether there are some characteristics of organisms or biogeography scenarios facilitate or hinder speciation. Many groups of ensiferan insects (e.g. Hawaiian sword-tailed, North American ground and field crickets) have been reported to have rapid speciation rates. To investigate whether the pattern of rapid speciation is common in crickets, we estimated overall diversification rates as a whole and within the clade. Ensifera as a whole does not appear to have particularly rapid diversification rates compared to other insect suborders. In addition, some ensiferan clades are unexpectedly species rich given divergence times. The cause of elevated species richness remains unknown.;Part II. Wolbachia pipientis, an intracellular, alpha-proteobacterium, is commonly found in arthropods and filarial nematodes. Most infected insects are known to harbor strains of Wolbachia from supergroups A or B, whereas supergroups C and D occur only in filarial nematodes. Here, we present molecular evidence from two genes (ftsZ and 16S rDNA) that 2 Orthopterans (the bush cricket species Orocharis saltator and Hapithus agitator; Gryllidae: Eneopterinae) are infected with Wolbachia from the F supergroup. Additionally, a series of PCR tests revealed that these bush cricket specimens did not harbor nematodes, thus indicating that our positive results were not a by-product of nematodes being present in these cricket samples. Patterns of molecular variation suggest that: (1) strains of F supergroup Wolbachia exhibit less genetic variation than the nematode-specific C and D supergroups but more than the A and B supergroups found in arthropods and (2) that there is no evidence of recombination within F supergroup strains. The above data support that horizontal transfer of F supergroup Wolbachia has likely occurred recently between these diverse taxonomic groups. Moreover, the limited genetic variation and lack of recombination in the F supergroup suggest it has radiated relatively rapidly with either (1) little time for recombination to occur or (2) selection against recombination as occurs in the mutualistic C and D strains of Wolbachia---both of which remain to be explored further.
机译：第一部分。物种形成的速率可以告诉我们的是，在一段时间内，有多少物种得以生存。它们表明生物体的某些特征或生物地理环境是否有助于或阻碍物种形成。据报道，许多昆虫类昆虫（例如夏威夷剑尾,、北美地面和田）的物种形成速度很快。为了调查whether的快速物种形成模式是否常见，我们估计了整个进化枝和进化枝内的总体多样化率。与其他昆虫亚纲相比，整个Ensifera似乎没有特别迅速的多样化速度。此外，考虑到发散时间，某些恩斯弗拉德进化枝出乎意料地是丰富的物种。物种丰富度升高的原因仍然未知。 Wolbachia pipientis是一种细胞内的α-变形杆菌，通常在节肢动物和丝状线虫中发现。已知大多数感染的昆虫都有超群A或B的Wolbachia株，而超群C和D仅在丝状线虫中出现。在这里，我们提供了来自两个基因（ftsZ和16S rDNA）的分子证据，表明2个直翅类动物（布什物种Orocharis saltator和Hapithus agitator； Gryllidae：Eneopterinae）感染了F超群的Wolbachia。另外，一系列的PCR测试表明这些灌木样本没有线虫，因此表明我们的阳性结果并不是这些样品中存在线虫的副产品。分子变异的模式表明：（1）F超群沃尔巴克氏菌的遗传变异比线虫特异的C和D超群少，但比节肢动物中的A和B超群多；（2）没有重组的证据在F超群菌株中。以上数据表明，最近在这些不同的分类学组之间可能发生了F超群Wolbachia的水平转移。此外，F超群中有限的遗传变异和缺乏重组表明，它已经以相对较快的速度辐射，或者（1）重组发生的时间很少，或者（2）如Wolbachia- -两者仍有待进一步探讨。

著录项

  • 作者

    Panaram, Kanchana.;

  • 作者单位

    The University of Texas at Arlington.;

  • 授予单位 The University of Texas at Arlington.;
  • 学科 Biology Molecular.;Biology Entomology.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2007
  • 页码 69 p.
  • 总页数 69
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 分子遗传学;昆虫学;
  • 关键词

  • 入库时间 2022-08-17 11:39:15

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