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Impacts of the intermodal distribution of travelers on transportation system performance: Analysis of an urban corridor.

机译：旅客多式联运对运输系统性能的影响：城市走廊分析。

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摘要

The economic boom since 1980's accelerated urban transport motorization in Chinese cities. Policies encouraging private car use led to less travel by bicycle and public transit, which further increased modal shift toward private cars. This vicious circle resulted in continuous increase of transportation problems. This dissertation explores efficiency of urban passenger transportation, including travel costs for users, system capacity, environmental and energy consumption impacts. Performance characteristics of individual modes are studied and compared. Then, based on modeling travel in an urban corridor of a multilane avenue with a given width, several different cross-sectional designs and mode combinations are studied to accommodate demand of a given number of travelers under various intermodal distributions. The analysis shows that auto disincentive measures are effective in reducing car use and improving the entire system performance. Impacts of providing high performance bus service are mixed. It is more effective in protected bus traffic conditions than in mixed operation of buses with automobiles. This study also quantifies impacts of several other bus performance improvements on the system performance, including provision of real-time information at bus stops and shortening bus stop dwell times. In addition, by examining current transportation policies and measures against bicycle but favoring private car and their consequences in urban transportation in China, the study confirms the important role of bicycle as a mainstream transportation mode on transportation system performance. Transportation systems with bicycle, a cheap travel mode with medium transportation capacity, are cost and energy efficient and environmentally friendly. The dissertation therefore addresses importance of the introduction of policies that will influence a desirable distribution of travel among modes---modal split. Policies favoring of public transport and bicycles while discouraging private car use is found to have a major impact on mobility and transportation system performance. Although the analyses are conducted on the model of an urban corridor in Chinese cities, the results in fact can also be applied to the entire transportation networks and other countries with similar problems.
机译：自1980年代以来的经济繁荣加速了中国城市的城市交通机动化。鼓励使用私家车的政策导致自行车和公共交通的出行减少，这进一步增加了向私家车的转变。这种恶性循环导致运输问题不断增加。本文探讨了城市旅客运输的效率，包括用户的出行成本，系统容量，环境和能源消耗的影响。研究并比较了各个模式的性能特征。然后，基于对具有给定宽度的多车道大街的城市走廊中的旅行进行建模的研究，研究了几种不同的横截面设计和模式组合，以适应各种联运分布下给定数量的旅行者的需求。分析表明，自动激励措施可有效减少汽车使用并改善整个系统的性能。提供高性能总线服务的影响是混合的。它在受保护的公共汽车交通状况下比在公共汽车与汽车混合运行中更有效。这项研究还量化了其他几项总线性能改进对系统性能的影响，包括在公交车站提供实时信息和缩短公交车站的停留时间。此外，通过研究当前针对自行车的交通政策和措施但偏爱私家车及其在中国城市交通中的后果，研究证实了自行车作为主流交通方式对交通系统性能的重要作用。带自行车的运输系统是一种具有中等运输能力的廉价旅行方式，具有成本效益，能源效率和环境友好性。因此，本文论述了引入政策的重要性，该政策将影响各模式之间的理想旅行分布。人们发现，在不鼓励私家车使用的同时，鼓励公共交通和自行车的政策对机动性和交通系统的性能产生了重大影响。尽管对中国城市的城市走廊模型进行了分析，但结果实际上也可以应用于整个交通网络以及其他存在类似问题的国家。

著录项

  • 作者

    Cui, Huafang.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Pennsylvania.;

  • 授予单位 University of Pennsylvania.;
  • 学科 Engineering Civil.;Transportation.;Urban and Regional Planning.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2008
  • 页码 212 p.
  • 总页数 212
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 建筑科学;区域规划、城乡规划;综合运输;
  • 关键词

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