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Pulsed electron beam curing of polymer coatings.

机译：聚合物涂层的脉冲电子束固化。

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摘要

Low-voltage electron beam (EB) curing is fast, efficient, solvent-free, and consequently environmentally friendly. The goal of this research is to lay the foundation for continued exploration of EB curing in general and pulsed electron beam (PEB) curing in particular.;PEB curing considerably expands the capabilities of continuous EB curing. It is significantly more versatile and speedy; yet, it requires less energy and, through appropriately timed pulses, polymerizes and crosslinks neat acrylic monomers in a single-step process. PEB exploits the inherently heterogeneous nature of energy deposition along electron tracks to spatially separate free radical initiation sites, thereby suppressing second-order termination reactions in favor of first-order propagation. This is, in effect, heterogeneous polymerization in a single phase, which is beyond the capabilities of conventional EB. Theoretical computations of conversion kinetics that include the fall of species mobility with rising conversion, which can lead to radical trapping, quantify this view of the process.;To test this model experimentally, a new PEB apparatus was constructed. It is unique in its ability to uniformly irradiate an inerted, temperature-controlled 200 cm2 sample chamber at atmospheric pressure with 80-160 kV electrons in pulses of 10-20 μsec duration at frequencies of up to 2 kHz. The flexibility of this design allows for wide-ranging investigations of PEB curing, and to ensure reliable experimental results, performance testing of the apparatus before and during experimentation established attainable voltages, pulse characteristics, and dose uniformity.;Conversion kinetics in mono- and multifunctional acrylate systems have been used to benchmark PEB curing against continuous EB and UV curing. The acrylates were converted quickly and more completely by PEB, without the need for added crosslinking agents. Observed changes in conversion with changes in operating conditions, including pulse frequency, pulse duration, dose per pulse, and temperature, were explored and are consistent with predictions from the kinetic model. These experimental results and the kinetic modeling can be applied directly to industrial web widths, and equipment design can be readily extended to large facilities.;This work also offers some alternative approaches to investigating EB curing that could prove useful. But for its versatility and low energy demand, PEB curing should be considered the future radiation curing method of choice.
机译：低压电子束（EB）固化快速，高效，无溶剂，因此对环境友好。这项研究的目的是为继续探索EB固化（尤其是脉冲电子束（PEB）固化）奠定基础。PEB固化极大地扩展了EB连续固化的能力。它具有更多的功能和更快的速度；然而，它需要较少的能量，并且通过适当定时的脉冲，可以在单一步骤中聚合和交联纯净的丙烯酸单体。 PEB利用沿着电子轨道的能量沉积的固有异质性来在空间上分离自由基引发位点，从而抑制了有利于一级传播的二级终止反应。实际上，这是单相中的非均相聚合，这超出了常规EB的能力。转换动力学的理论计算包括物种迁移率随转化率的下降而下降，这可能导致自由基的捕获，从而量化了该过程的观点。；为了实验地测试该模型，构建了一种新型的PEB装置。它在以大气压2kHz的频率以10-20微秒的持续时间在80-160 kV电子下以80-160 kV电子均匀照射在大气压下均匀辐照的，温度可控的200 cm2样品室的独特能力。这种设计的灵活性允许对PEB固化进行广泛的研究，并确保可靠的实验结果，在实验之前和期间对设备进行性能测试，确定可获得的电压，脉冲特性和剂量均匀性;单功能和多功能的转化动力学丙烯酸酯体系已被用于通过连续EB和UV固化对PEB固化进行基准测试。 PEB可以快速，更完全地转化丙烯酸酯，而无需添加交联剂。探索了观察到的转换条件随工作条件的变化，包括脉冲频率，脉冲持续时间，每脉冲剂量和温度，并与动力学模型的预测相一致。这些实验结果和动力学模型可以直接应用于工业幅材宽度，并且设备设计可以轻松地扩展到大型设备。这项工作还提供了一些其他的研究EB固化的方法，这些方法可能被证明是有用的。但是由于其多功能性和低能耗，PEB固化应被视为未来辐射固化方法的选择。

著录项

  • 作者

    Richter, Karl Benjamin.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Minnesota.;

  • 授予单位 University of Minnesota.;
  • 学科 Engineering Chemical.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2007
  • 页码 230 p.
  • 总页数 230
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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