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首页> 外文学位 >Performance of a pilot scale biomass gasification and producer gas combustion system using feedstock with controlled nitrogen content.
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Performance of a pilot scale biomass gasification and producer gas combustion system using feedstock with controlled nitrogen content.

机译：使用具有受控氮含量的原料的中试规模生物质气化和煤气燃烧系统的性能。

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摘要

This study is focused on the effects of nitrogen content in biomass feedstock on the producer gas composition and the flue gas NOx emissions from a pilot-scale gasification and combustion system. Biomass gasification has the potential to produce carbon negative energy by using renewable resources. The greenhouse gases emitted by burning fossil fuels have to be reduced, and biomass gasification is one of the means to achieving this. When the biomass-derived gas is burned, NOx emissions are a critical factor that can limit the use of the system. The government regulations limit the amount of NOx that can be emitted into the atmosphere. These emission regulations are becoming more stringent every year. Hence it is imperative to design combustion systems that can produce low NOx emissions without compromising the intended purpose for heat and power generation. This work is aimed at helping with the design of a low NOx burner by conducting experimental investigations on an existing burner.;In this study, tests were conducted in a pilot-scale fluidized bed gasifier using biomass feedstock with different nitrogen contents. The producer gas from the gasifier undergoes a gas cleaning phase before its combustion in a burner. Fuel NOx and thermal NOx contributed to the total NOx formation in the burner. The main precursor to fuel NOx is ammonia in the producer gas. Ammonia and tars were collected from the producer gas using IEA (International Energy Agency) tar protocol and analyzed using spectrophotometer and GC-FID (Gas chromatograph-flame ionization detector), respectively. The producer gas and the exhaust flue gas were analyzed using a micro gas chromatograph (Micro-GC). The NOx variation was investigated for different equivalence ratios and different flow rates of the producer gas.;Results show that there is a direct and proportional relationship between nitrogen in biomass, ammonia in producer gas, and NOx in the flue gas. Additionally, NOx emissions do not vary noticeably with the overall equivalence ratio in the present burner but vary significantly with increased heat rate. It was also found that thermal NOx is less significant than fuel NOx, which constitutes a majority of the total NOx emissions when biomass derived producer gas is used. The flame length in a diffusion flame along with the residence time seems to have a major influence on the NOx emissions from the burner.;These results form an essential part in understanding the fuel NOx behavior and functions as an important tool in the development of a low NOx burner, which was the overall objective of this project. This thesis work is mainly focused on the experimental investigation of the fuel NOx behavior and the effect of fuel nitrogen on the NOx formation in the burner. These experimental results along with detailed chemical analysis of ammonia oxidation mechanisms under different conditions will give a better understanding of the fuel NOx formation and will aid in the design of low NOx burners.
机译：这项研究的重点是生物质原料中的氮含量对中试气化和燃烧系统的生产气成分和烟道气NOx排放的影响。生物质气化有潜力通过使用可再生资源产生碳负能量。必须减少燃烧化石燃料所排放的温室气体，而生物质气化是实现这一目标的手段之一。当燃烧源自生物质的气体时，NOx排放是可能限制系统使用的关键因素。政府法规限制了可排放到大气中的NOx量。这些排放法规每年都变得越来越严格。因此，必须设计出能够产生低NOx排放而又不损害供热和发电的预期目的的燃烧系统。这项工作旨在通过对现有燃烧器进行实验研究来帮助设计低NOx燃烧器。在本研究中，测试是在中试流化床气化炉中使用不同氮含量的生物质原料进行的。来自气化炉的产生器气体在燃烧器中燃烧之前经历气体净化阶段。燃料NOx和热NOx有助于燃烧器中总的NOx形成。燃料NOx的主要前体是废气中的氨。使用IEA（国际能源署）焦油规程从生产气中收集氨气和焦油，分别使用分光光度计和GC-FID（气相色谱-火焰电离检测器）进行分析。使用微型气相色谱仪（Micro-GC）分析产生气和废气。研究了不同当量比和不同煤气流量下NOx的变化。结果表明，生物质中氮，煤气中氨与烟气中NOx成正比关系。另外，在本燃烧器中，NOx排放量不随总当量比而显着变化，而随加热速率的增加而显着变化。还发现，热NOx的重要性不如燃料NOx，当使用生物质衍生的生产气时，其占总NOx排放的大部分。扩散火焰中的火焰长度以及停留时间似乎对燃烧器的NOx排放有重要影响;这些结果构成了理解燃料NOx行为的重要组成部分，并在燃料燃烧过程中起着重要作用低NOx燃烧器，这是该项目的总体目标。本文的工作主要集中在燃料NOx行为的实验研究以及燃料氮对燃烧器中NOx形成的影响。这些实验结果以及在不同条件下对氨氧化机理的详细化学分析将使您对燃料中的NOx形成有更好的了解，并将有助于设计低NOx燃烧器。

著录项

  • 作者

    Sethuraman, Sharan.;

  • 作者单位

    Iowa State University.;

  • 授予单位 Iowa State University.;
  • 学科 Engineering Mechanical.
  • 学位 M.S.
  • 年度 2010
  • 页码 102 p.
  • 总页数 102
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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