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首页> 外文学位 >Examination of land use/land cover changes in the vicinity of Playa del Carmen, Mexico and their impact on groundwater quality.
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Examination of land use/land cover changes in the vicinity of Playa del Carmen, Mexico and their impact on groundwater quality.

机译：检查墨西哥普拉亚德尔卡曼附近的土地利用/土地覆被变化及其对地下水质量的影响。

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It is well known that rapid development can significantly impact the surrounding environment. Examining land use/land cover (LULC) changes in areas undergoing rapid development, coupled with evaluating groundwater quality as an indicator of environmental stress, can contribute to sustainable development planning and management. In addition, problems of water contamination are very apparent in Mexico. The city of Playa del Carmen, located in the state of Quintana Roo, Mexico has been undergoing intensive development, and the pace of development has been accelerating. Remotely sensed multi-spectral satellite imagery provides an efficient means of understanding LULC change over time. Playa del Carmen is located on an archetypical karst landscape, and the unconfined Pleistocene limestone aquifer that provides the only naturally available freshwater in the region is extremely susceptible to contamination. Five satellite images were selected and acquired to examine and assess LULC change over the 20-year period from 1985 to 2005. A four-part Cartographic Model details the steps employed within the GIS environment to complete LULC change analysis. Developed land area within the study area increased from approximately one percent of total land area to approximately 21 percent of total land area between 1985 and 2005. Development of the study area coincides with population growth. Waters from eight cenotes and one wellhead were sampled during two sampling periods in 2005 and 2006. Nitrate and phosphate concentrations observed exceed nitrate and phosphate concentrations observed previously in cenotes located in Quintana Roo. Water from all nine sampling sites tested positive for total coliforms during both sampling periods. All waters that did not test positive for E. coli, a fecal coliform, during the first sampling period tested positive for E. coli during the second sampling period. The relationship between developed land area and population is well-defined, and a relationship between LULC change and nitrate and phosphate concentrations in groundwater has been established. The presence of coliform bacteria in water sampled at all nine sampling sites during the course of this study provides evidence that groundwater in the vicinity of Playa del Carmen has been contaminated by untreated human waste. Existing water treatment facilities need to be modernized, and new water treatment plants need to be constructed in the vicinity of Playa del Carmen. Finally, future monitoring of groundwater in the area is justified and highly desirable because groundwater is the only source of freshwater in the region, and continued development and population growth have been projected for the future.
机译：众所周知，快速发展会严重影响周围的环境。检查快速发展地区的土地利用/土地覆被（LULC）变化，再加上评估地下水质量作为环境压力指标，可以有助于可持续发展的规划和管理。此外，水污染问题在墨西哥非常明显。位于墨西哥金塔纳罗奥州的普拉亚德尔卡曼市一直在密集发展，发展步伐正在加快。遥感多光谱卫星图像提供了一种了解LULC随时间变化的有效方法。普拉亚德尔卡曼（Playa del Carmen）位于典型的喀斯特地貌上，提供该地区唯一的天然淡水的无限制更新世石灰岩含水层极易受到污染。从1985年到2005年的20年中，选择并获取了五幅卫星图像以检查和评估LULC变化。一个由四部分组成的制图模型详细描述了GIS环境中用于完成LULC变化分析的步骤。在1985年至2005年之间，研究区域内已开发的土地面积从总土地面积的大约1％增加到总土地面积的大约21％。研究区域的发展与人口增长相吻合。在2005年和2006年的两个采样期中，从八个cenotes和一个井口抽取了水。观察到的硝酸盐和磷酸盐浓度超过了以前在Quintana Roo的cenotes中观察到的硝酸盐和磷酸盐浓度。来自所有九个采样点的水在两个采样期间的总大肠菌群呈阳性。在第一个采样期间未对大肠杆菌（粪便大肠菌）进行阳性检测的所有水在第二个采样期间对大肠杆菌进行了阳性检测。发达土地面积与人口之间的关系是明确定义的，并且LULC变化与地下水中硝酸盐和磷酸盐的浓度之间的关系已经建立。在此研究过程中，在所有九个采样点采样的水中都存在大肠菌，这提供了证据证明普拉亚卡门附近的地下水已被未经处理的人类废物污染。现有的水处理设施需要进行现代化改造，并且需要在卡门海滩附近建造新的水处理厂。最后，由于地下水是该地区唯一的淡水来源，并且对该地区的未来发展和人口增长进行了预测，因此对该地区的地下水进行未来监测是合理且非常可取的。

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