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Spatial decision making: Using a geographic information system and the analytic hierarchy process for pre-wildfire management.

机译：空间决策：使用地理信息系统和层次分析流程进行野火前管理。

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摘要

Strategic management of wildlands for fire is increasingly a mix of traditional fire science, climatology and human perceptions. Not only must managers be expert at modeling fuels and fire behavior, they must also understand human behavior, and the effects of climate on landscapes. We hypothiszed that areas in national forests differ spatially in their importance to stakeholders, including both the public and land managers. That this difference is based upon the inclusion of factors not typically found in wildland fire models. To test this hypothesis we used a multidimensional approach to assess the spatial variability several factors including recreation, property values and fuel moisture. This approach combined a geographic information system with the analytic hierarchy process to predict and test the current distribution of areas in national forests important to stakeholders.; Inclusion of stakeholders appears to improve the validity and useability of a spatial decision support system. Comparing the model created in this dissertation with several others demonstrates that it is important to strike the right balance between stakeholders and technical experts when designing and creating a model. It is always beneficial, however, to a significant level of stakeholder involvement.; Areas important for fire mitigation efforts depended on the stakeholder or audience rating the model. Raters from the U.S. Forest Service tended to favor areas with high fire probability scores, while those from the Park Service prefered recreation areas and places people value. In both cases, locations people had easy access to, such as along roads and trails were favored.; These results confirmed the hypothesis that areas of importance are different based on the individual rating the model. Further testing and refinement of the model includes expanding the study area beyond the southwestern United States as wells as obtaining better sources of data with finer spatial resolutions.
机译：野火的战略管理越来越多地融合了传统的消防科学，气候学和人类观念。管理人员不仅必须精通燃料和火灾行为建模，还必须了解人类行为以及气候对景观的影响。我们假设国家森林地区对利益相关者（包括公共和土地管理者）的重要性在空间上存在差异。这种差异是基于包含通常在荒地火灾模型中未发现的因素的结果。为了检验该假设，我们使用多维方法来评估空间变异性，这些因素包括娱乐性，属性值和燃料湿度。这种方法将地理信息系统与层次分析法相结合，以预测和测试对利益相关者重要的国家森林面积的当前分布。利益相关者的参与似乎可以改善空间决策支持系统的有效性和可用性。将本文创建的模型与其他几个模型进行比较表明，在设计和创建模型时，在利益相关者和技术专家之间取得适当的平衡非常重要。但是，这对于利益相关者的大量参与始终是有益的。对于防火工作而言，重要的领域取决于利益相关者或听众对模型的评价。美国森林服务局的评估者倾向于偏高火灾概率得分的地区，而公园服务局的评估者则倾向于休闲场所并重视人们的生活。在这两种情况下，人们都喜欢去容易到达的地方，例如沿着道路和小径。这些结果证实了以下假设：根据模型的个人评分，重要领域不同。该模型的进一步测试和完善包括将研究区域扩展到美国西南部以外的地区以及以更精细的空间分辨率获得更好的数据源。

著录项

  • 作者

    Johnson, Peter Schilling.;

  • 作者单位

    The University of Arizona.$bGeography.;

  • 授予单位 The University of Arizona.$bGeography.;
  • 学科 Geography.; Agriculture Forestry and Wildlife.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2008
  • 页码 158 p.
  • 总页数 158
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 自然地理学;森林生物学;
  • 关键词

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