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Development of a portable, modular unit for the optimization of ultrasound-assisted oxidative desulfurization of diesel.

机译：开发便携式模块化单元，以优化柴油的超声辅助氧化脱硫。

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Due to the stringent rules requiring ultra-low sulfur content in diesel fuels, it is necessary to develop alternative methods of desulfurization of fossil fuel derived oil, such as diesel. Current technology is not sufficient to solve this problem. Ultrasound applied to oxidative desulfurization which combined three complementary techniques: ultrasonication, phase transfer catalysis (PTC) and transition metal catalyzed oxidation, has accomplished high sulfur removal in a short contact time at ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure.; This research has successfully demonstrated that the higher oxidation efficiency of BT to BTO and free of any by-products by using tetraoctylammonium fluoride as phase transfer agent. The oxidation rate of BT to BTO increased with increasing the carbon chain length of QAS cations. Under the same length of carbon chain, the oxidation rate of BT to BTO increased with decreasing the molecular size of QAS anions. Moreover, for diesel fuels containing various levels of sulfur content, UAOD process followed by solvent extraction has demonstrated that the sulfur reduction can reach above 95 % removal efficiency or final sulfur content below 15 ppm in mild condition.; For large-scale commercial production, this research has successfully developed and operated a continuous desulfurization unit, which consists of a sonoractor, an RF amplifier, a function generator, a pretreatment tank, and a pipeline system. A single unit only needed 2' x 4' x 1' space for installation. The results indicated that the remarkable 92% removal efficiency for the sulfur in marine logistic diesel, even at a treatment rate as high as 25 lb/hour which is approximately 2 barrels per day. Therefore, this sonoreactor demonstrated the feasibility of large-scale operation even in a relatively small installation with low capital investment and maintenance cost. It also ensures the safety considerations by operating with diluted hydrogen peroxide under ambient temperature and pressure.
机译：由于严格的法规要求柴油燃料中的硫含量必须超低，因此有必要开发替代化石燃料油（例如柴油）的脱硫方法。当前的技术不足以解决该问题。应用于氧化脱硫的超声技术结合了三种互补技术：超声处理，相转移催化（PTC）和过渡金属催化的氧化，已在环境温度和大气压下的短接触时间内完成了高硫去除。这项研究成功地证明了使用四辛基氟化铵作为相转移剂，BT对BTO的氧化效率更高，并且没有任何副产物。 BT对BTO的氧化速率随着QAS阳离子碳链长度的增加而增加。在相同的碳链长度下，随着QAS阴离子分子尺寸的减小，BT对BTO的氧化速率增加。此外，对于含各种硫含量的柴油，UAOD工艺随后进行溶剂萃取已证明，在温和条件下，硫还原率可以达到95％以上的去除效率或最终硫含量低于15 ppm。对于大规模的商业化生产，该研究成功开发并运行了一个连续的脱硫装置，该装置由一个超声波反应器，一个射频放大器，一个函数发生器，一个预处理罐和一个管道系统组成。单个单元仅需要2'x 4'x 1'的安装空间。结果表明，即使以高达25磅/小时（每天约2桶）的处理速度，船用后勤柴油中硫的去除效率也高达92％。因此，该声反应器即使在相对较小的设备中也具有大规模投资的可行性，并且投资和维护成本较低。通过在环境温度和压力下使用稀释的过氧化氢进行操作，还可确保安全性。

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