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首页> 外文学位 >Comparative study of biodegradation of municipal solid waste in simulated aerobic and anaerobic bioreactors landfills.
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Comparative study of biodegradation of municipal solid waste in simulated aerobic and anaerobic bioreactors landfills.

机译：模拟好氧和厌氧生物反应器垃圾填埋场中城市固体废物生物降解的比较研究。

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摘要

The biodegradation of municipal solid waste (MSW) was investigated in simulated bioreactor landfills under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. The bioreactors were operated to determine the amount of leachate recirculation and municipal wastewater sludge addition to optimize waste degradation. The leachate generated was recycled over 47 and 63 weeks for aerobic and anaerobic bioreactors, respectively. Leachate samples were collected on a weekly basis and analyzed for pH, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N), total phosporus, and metals. The temperature of the MSW in the bioreactors was measured on a daily basis. In addition, the generation of biogas was monitored in the anaerobic bioreactors during the operating period.; The leachate generated was recirculated at the rates of 285 to 855 mL/kg of MSW.d (5 to 15 L/wk) and sludge was added at the rates of 28.5 to 85.5 mL/kg of MSW.d (0.5 to 1.5 L/wk). Within 27 and 39 weeks enhanced MSW degradation in the aerobic and anaerobic bioreactors were observed at a leachate recirculation rate of 855 mL/kg of MSW.d and sludge addition rate of 85.5 mL/kg of MSW.d. During this period, the COD concentration in the leachate dropped from 38,000 mg/L for aerobic and 47,000 mg/L for anaerobic to approximately 1000 mg/L. This is an indication that the aerobic biodegradation is 1.5-fold faster compared to the biodegradation under anaerobic operation. A reduction in the leachate recirculation and sludge addition rate to 285 and 28.5 mL/kg of MSW.d respectively, increased the waste stabilization period up to 45 and 63 weeks for aerobic and anaerobic bioreactors, respectively.; The statistical empirical models based on two levels factorial design were used to describe the effects of leachate recirculation, sludge addition and their combination on biodegradation of the waste. For both aerobic and anaerobic bioreactors the values of estimate parameter beta1 were higher compared to beta2 and beta12. This indicated that the effect of leachate recirculation was much stronger compared to the effect of sludge addition and their combination on biodegradation of the waste.; A statistic procedure, F-test and ANOVA-test were used to determine whether or not there is a significant difference between the aerobic and anaerobic biodegradation. The result of the paired F-test show that F calculation was 270.85 and F critical was 160 at a 95% confidence level. This confirms that there was a significant difference between the aerobic and anaerobic biodegradation. In addition, the ANOVA test show that effect of air flow addition on the MSW biodegradation was very significant. The results of these tests indicated that the addition of air affected positively the biological activities and consequently enhanced the MSW biodegradation process.; A fuzzy logic model, describing the dynamics of the biodegradation and stabilization process during the experiment, was developed to simulate the effect of leachate recirculation and sludge addition on MSW biodegradation in landfills. The model was based on the COD concentration of the leachate, temperature of the MSW in the bioreactors, and biogas production from anaerobic bioreactors. Subsequently, the model was evaluated by comparing the simulation with the experimental results. The model shows that the higher rate of leachate recirculation and sludge addition, the faster biodegradation of MSW. In addition, the model could be used to predict the rate of MSW biodegradation under various operating conditions.
机译：在有氧和无氧条件下，在模拟的生物反应器垃圾填埋场中研究了城市垃圾的生物降解。操作生物反应器以确定渗滤液再循环量和市政废水污泥添加量，以优化废物降解。产生的渗滤液分别在47周和63周内被循环用于好氧和厌氧生物反应器。每周收集渗滤液样品，并分析其pH值，生化需氧量（BOD），化学需氧量（COD），凯氏总氮（TKN），氨氮（NH3-N），总磷和金属。每天测量生物反应器中MSW的温度。另外，在操作期间，在厌氧生物反应器中监测沼气的产生。产生的沥出液以285至855 mL / kg的MSW.d（5至15 L / wk）的速率再循环，并以28.5至85.5 mL / kg的MSW.d（0.5至1.5 L / wk）。在27周和39周内，在渗滤液再循环速率为855 mL / kg MSW.d和污泥添加率为85.5 mL / kg MSW.d的情况下，在好氧和厌氧生物反应器中观察到MSW降解增强。在此期间，渗滤液中的COD浓度从好氧的38,000 mg / L和厌氧的47,000 mg / L降至约1000 mg / L。这表明，好氧生物降解比厌氧操作下的生物降解快1.5倍。渗滤液再循环和污泥添加率分别降低至285和28.5 mL / kg MSW.d，好氧和厌氧生物反应器的废物稳定期分别延长至45和63周。使用基于两级析因设计的统计经验模型描述渗滤液再循环，污泥添加及其组合对废物生物降解的影响。对于好氧和厌氧生物反应器，估计参数beta1的值均高于beta2和beta12。这表明，与污泥的添加及其组合对废物生物降解的影响相比，渗滤液再循环的影响要强得多。使用统计程序，F检验和ANOVA检验确定有氧和厌氧生物降解之间是否存在显着差异。配对F检验的结果表明，在95％的置信度下，F的计算值为270.85，而F的临界值为160。这证实了好氧和厌氧生物降解之间存在显着差异。此外，ANOVA试验表明，添加气流对MSW生物降解的影响非常显着。这些测试的结果表明，空气的添加对生物活性产生了积极的影响，从而增强了城市固体废弃物的生物降解过程。建立了描述实验过程中生物降解和稳定过程动力学的模糊逻辑模型，以模拟渗滤液再循环和污泥添加对垃圾填埋场中城市固体废弃物生物降解的影响。该模型基于渗滤液的COD浓度，生物反应器中MSW的温度以及厌氧生物反应器产生的沼气。随后，通过将仿真与实验结果进行比较来评估模型。该模型表明，渗滤液再循环和污泥添加率越高，城市固体废弃物的生物降解速度越快。此外，该模型可用于预测各种操作条件下城市固体废弃物的生物降解率。

著录项

  • 作者

    Rendra, Septa.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Ottawa (Canada).;

  • 授予单位 University of Ottawa (Canada).;
  • 学科 Engineering Civil.; Engineering Sanitary and Municipal.; Environmental Sciences.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2007
  • 页码 170 p.
  • 总页数 170
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 建筑科学;建筑科学;环境科学基础理论;
  • 关键词

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