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首页> 外文学位 >Determination of Yersinia pestis population structure as a model for low prevalence/epizootic disease dynamics.
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Determination of Yersinia pestis population structure as a model for low prevalence/epizootic disease dynamics.

机译：确定鼠疫耶尔森菌种群结构，作为低流行/流行病动力学模型。

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摘要

The plague is a highly virulent zoonotic disease caused by the gram-negative bacterium Yersinia pestis. This bacterium was introduced in the U.S. in the early 1900s, and has established in rodents of the west and southwest. Occasionally, Y. pestis spills over into humans causing severe and often fatal disease. Determining the spatial arrangement of disease foci will increase our understanding of disease dynamics. The objectives of this study focused on utilizing Y. pestis molecular diversity to identify epizootic sources of human plague infections, and to determine the arrangement of epizootic plague foci in the southwestern U.S. and in Kazakhstan, the hypothesized origin of Y. pestis. Samples were chosen representing three geographic scales, and were analyzed to identify isolates from the same epizootic source. The three geographic scales represented a close scale, an intermediate scale, and a distant scale. We used variable number of tandem repeats (VNTRs) and multi locus variable number of tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) to compare these isolates. The close geographic scale analysis consisted of Y. pestis isolates from infected humans and environmental sources like fleas and rodents collected during corresponding epidemiological investigations. Isolates from distinct clusters of human plague cases in New Mexico, and isolates collected from predefined foci in Kazakhstan were used to analyze Y. pestis population structure on intermediate scales. Isolates from the three Y. pestis biovars from the U.S. and Kazakhstan, were compared for distant geographic scale analyses. While MLVA was useful for inferring Y. pestis isolate relationships on small and large geographic scales, it was not useful for determining population structure of epizootic foci on intermediate scales.; We also identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the Y. pestis genome using DNA microarrays. We chose isolates from two port cities in California and fifteen Colorado isolates from pre-defined plague foci in the mountains and the PNG to determine population structure among the three areas. Sixty-nine SNPs identified separate Y. pestis populations on the eastern and the western PNG. Isolates from the mountains and one isolate from the eastern plains were similar but weakly supported in phylogenetic analyses.
机译：鼠疫是一种由革兰氏阴性细菌鼠疫耶尔森氏菌引起的强毒人畜共患病。这种细菌是在1900年代初引入美国的，并已在西部和西南部的啮齿动物中建立。有时，鼠疫耶尔森氏菌溢出到人体内，导致严重的甚至致命的疾病。确定疾病灶的空间排列将增加我们对疾病动力学的了解。这项研究的目标集中在利用鼠疫耶尔森氏菌分子多样性来确定人类鼠疫感染的流行病源，并确定美国西南部和哈萨克斯坦（鼠疫耶尔森氏菌的假想起源）的鼠疫疫源地安排。选择代表三个地理尺度的样本，并进行分析以鉴定来自同一流行病源的分离株。这三个地理比例代表一个接近的比例，一个中间的比例和一个遥远的比例。我们使用可变数目的串联重复序列（VNTR）和多基因座可变数目的串联重复序列分析（MLVA）来比较这些分离株。紧密的地理尺度分析包括从感染人类的​​鼠疫耶尔森氏菌分离物以及在相应的流行病学调查中收集到的环境来源，如跳蚤和啮齿动物。在新墨西哥州，从不同的人类瘟疫病例群中分离出分离株，并从哈萨克斯坦预先确定的疫源中分离出分离株，以中等规模分析鼠疫耶尔森菌的种群结构。比较了来自美国和哈萨克斯坦的三个鼠疫耶尔森菌生物变种的分离株，以进行遥远的地理尺度分析。虽然MLVA可用于推断小和大型地理区域内的鼠疫耶尔森氏菌分离关系，但对于确定中等尺度上的流行病灶的种群结构却无济于事。我们还使用DNA微阵列鉴定了鼠疫耶尔森氏菌基因组中的单核苷酸多态性（SNP）。我们从加利福尼亚的两个港口城市中选择了隔离株，在山区和PNG中从预先定义的鼠疫疫源中选择了15个科罗拉多州的隔离株，以确定这三个地区的人口结构。 69个SNP在东部和西部的巴布亚新几内亚确定了单独的鼠疫耶尔森氏菌种群。来自山脉的分离株和来自东部平原的一个分离株相似，但在系统发育分析中得到的支持较弱。

著录项

  • 作者

    Lowell, Jennifer L.;

  • 作者单位

    Colorado State University.;

  • 授予单位 Colorado State University.;
  • 学科 Biology Ecology.; Biology Microbiology.; Health Sciences Epidemiology.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2007
  • 页码 139 p.
  • 总页数 139
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 生态学（生物生态学）;微生物学;
  • 关键词

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