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Rape shield laws: The effects of admitting prior sexual history evidence at trial on verdict and sentencing recommendations.

机译：强奸保护法：在审判中接受先前的性史证据对判决和量刑建议的影响。

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摘要

The effects of admitting prior sexual history evidence at trial on verdict and sentencing recommendations were examined. One hundred and fifty-two California jury eligible adults from the general public who varied in age from 18 years old to 81 years old participated. Participants were given either a brief rape case vignette including the victim's prior sexual history (n = 75) or excluding the victim's prior sexual history (n = 77) and completed the Rape Responsibility Questionnaire (RRQ) and Rape Myth Acceptance Scale (RMA).; It was hypothesized that for potential jurors, a guilty verdict would be associated with (a) no information presented about the victim's prior sexual history, (b) sex of participant was female, and (c) participant, regardless of sex, had low rape myth acceptance. This hypothesis could not be tested as only 1 potential juror found the defendant not guilty. The second hypothesis was that harsher sentencing recommendations would be associated with (a) lack of information about victim's prior sexual history and (b) female sex of potential juror. There was a significant effect for level of rape myth acceptance, F(1, 148) = 5.38, p .05. Participants who had higher levels of rape myth acceptance gave significantly lower sentencing recommendations than did participants who had lower levels of rape myth acceptance. No significant relationship was found for vignette, gender, or gender and vignette.; The third hypothesis was that the item on the Rape Myth Acceptance Scale with the highest total correlation would be related to both verdict and sentencing recommendations. Item 11 on the RMA proved to have the highest item-to-total correlation (r = .69) out of the acceptable remaining items. The verdict aspect of this hypothesis was unable to be run; however, there was a statistically significant relationship between sentencing recommendation and RMA Item 11, r(152) = -.19, p .05. The higher someone scored on Item 11 the lower was his or her sentencing recommendation. Implications for lawyers and the criminal justice system were examined.
机译：研究了在审判中承认先前的性病史证据对判决和量刑建议的影响。共有来自加利福尼亚州的一百五十二名符合陪审团资格的成年人参加，他们的年龄从18岁到81岁不等。向参与者提供一个简短的强奸案小插图，包括受害者的先前性史（n = 75）或排除受害者的先前性史（n = 77），并完成“强奸责任问卷”（RRQ）和“强奸神话接受量表”（RMA）。 ;假设对于可能的陪审员，有罪判决将与（a）没有提供有关受害人先前性史的信息，（b）参与者的性别是女性，以及（c）参与者的性别强奸无关神话接受。由于只有一名潜在陪审员认为被告无罪，因此无法检验该假设。第二个假设是，较严厉的量刑建议将与（a）缺乏有关受害人先前的性病史的信息以及（b）可能陪审员的女性性别有关。对强奸神话的接受程度有显着影响，F（1，148）= 5.38，p <.05。与强奸神话接受程度较低的参与者相比，强奸神话接受程度较高的参与者的量刑建议明显偏低。没有发现小插图，性别或性别和小插图有显着关系。第三个假设是，强奸神话接受量表上具有最高总相关性的项目将与判决和量刑建议相关。在可接受的剩余项目中，RMA的项目11被证明具有最高的项目与总相关性（r = .69）。该假设的判定方面无法运行；但是，量刑建议与RMA项目11之间存在统计上的显着关系，r（152）= -.19，p <.05。某人在第11项上的得分越高，他或她的量刑建议就越低。研究了对律师和刑事司法系统的影响。

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  • 作者

    Becker-Lindow, Shana Lynn.;

  • 作者单位

    Alliant International University, Fresno.;

  • 授予单位 Alliant International University, Fresno.;
  • 学科 Law.; Psychology Social.; Sociology Criminology and Penology.
  • 学位 Psy.D.
  • 年度 2007
  • 页码 170 p.
  • 总页数 170
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 法律;社会心理、社会行为;法学各部门;
  • 关键词

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