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首页> 外文学位 >Dissecting the Pennsylvania Anatomy Act: Laws, bodies, and science, 1880--1960.
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Dissecting the Pennsylvania Anatomy Act: Laws, bodies, and science, 1880--1960.

机译：剖析《宾夕法尼亚解剖学法案》：法律，身体和科学，1880--1960年。

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When the Pennsylvania Legislature passed a mandatory anatomy law in 1883, they were conceding to medicine and science the need for human dissection "material." The legislature was also conceding authority, entrusting physicians and scientists to regulate the messy business of human dissection. In addition to providing bodies for dissection, the Pennsylvania Anatomy Act of 1883 created a modern, state-level bureaucratic entity run by medical experts empowered with self governance: the Anatomical Board of Pennsylvania. Scholars have paid scant attention to the post grave-robbing history of anatomy and dissection in the United States. When the state engaged in body procurement for medicine and science, who wound up on the dissection tables and in the specimen jars of anatomy laboratories? Specifically, whose bodies were used "for the promotion of medical science"?; Dissecting the Pennsylvania Anatomy Act takes a critical look at state-sanctioned body procurement under this anatomy law from its three constituent perspectives: the bureaucratic structure of the anatomical board---laws; the people who became cadavers---bodies; and, anatomists and their research---science. The Records of the Anatomical Board of the State of Pennsylvania document the administration, interpretation, and implementation of the law, and provide the means to construct a social portrait of the individuals who became cadavers. A quantitative analysis of data on dissection subjects reveals that these people are not strangers to history: their lives have provided the topical building blocks to construct narratives of the modern United States.; Analysis of the Pennsylvania anatomy law illuminates an important beginning of the modern period of legal, medical, and scientific authority, alliance, and bureaucracy. The creation of anatomical boards provided the bureaucratic veneer necessary to modernize dissection. The Pennsylvania law succeeded because physicians found a way to routinize body procurement for "science" under the banner "for the public good." In their effort to side-step public resistance to dissection, physicians and legislators designed laws that targeted powerless groups. Legalization did not end the inequality of dissection. On the contrary, legalization institutionalized the discrimination.
机译：当宾夕法尼亚州立法机关在1883年通过一项强制性解剖法时，他们向医学和科学承认人体解剖“物质”的必要性。立法机关也承认了权力，委托医生和科学家来规范人类解剖的繁琐事务。除了提供解剖机构外，1883年的《宾夕法尼亚解剖学法案》还创建了一个现代的，州一级的官僚机构，由具有自我治理能力的医学专家管理：宾夕法尼亚州的解剖学委员会。学者们很少关注美国的后抢劫解剖和解剖史。当国家从事医学和科学的人体采购时，谁会伤及解剖实验室的解剖台和标本罐？具体来说，谁的尸体被用于“促进医学科学”？剖析《宾夕法尼亚解剖法》从其三个构成角度审视了该解剖法所规定的国家认可的身体采购：解剖委员会的官僚结构-法律；成为尸体的人-身体；以及解剖学家及其研究-科学。宾夕法尼亚州解剖学委员会的记录记录了法律的管理，解释和实施，并提供了构建成为尸体个体的社会肖像的方法。对解剖主题数据的定量分析表明，这些人对历史并不陌生：他们的生活为建构现代美国的叙事提供了重要的基础。对宾夕法尼亚州解剖法的分析阐明了现代法律，医学和科学权威，联盟和官僚机构的重要开端。解剖板的创建提供了现代化解剖所需的官僚单板。宾夕法尼亚州法律之所以成功，是因为医生找到了一种途径，可以在“为了公共利益”的旗帜下常规化“科学”的身体采购。为了避免公众对解剖的抵制，医生和立法者设计了针对无能为力的群体的法律。合法化并没有结束解剖的不平等。相反，合法化使歧视制度化。

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