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Modernization, marketization, policy fluctuation and development of civic associations: Political economy of associational revolutions in China.

机译：现代化，市场化，政策波动与公民社团的发展：中国社团革命的政治经济学。

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摘要

Civil associations have been a window to state-society relations in China, which catch eyes and minds of students of China since middle-1990. The theoretical perspectives always adopted include civil society and corporatism, which pay more attention to the political aspects of civic associations. Based on case studies, previous research does not explain the variations of civic associations both in time and spaces.; To fill in both empirical and theoretical gaps, my research intends to analyze the macro political economy of civic associations in China. After reviewing the history and mapping out the landscape of civic associations, I put forward a comprehensive theoretical framework integrating modernization, marketization, and policy fluctuation as independent variables to interpret the development of civic association in Reform China. It has been divided into two periods: 1978∼1991 and 1992∼2004.; In analyzing the first period, various sources of data are collected to verify the prevailing modernization hypothesis and transition hypothesis. Emphasis has put on the impact of political fluctuations in 1980s. Data shows, the higher level the association registered, the more sensible they are when facing the fluctuations. Based a time series comparison, the sensitivity to fluctuation is also a function of the types of associations. Business associations, recreational associations are more sensible than others. Marketization is closely related to the development of business associations and professional association. State played a key role in the development of them. Modernization is a key factor in the development of academic associations and recreational associations. However, in a cross-sectional analysis, modernization also accounts for a part of variations of associational density between different areas, but the correlation is weak. The balance of power between state and society brought by market transition shows no correlation with the difference of associational density in the cross-sectional analysis.; In understanding the development of associations in the second period, data comes from a nationwide sampling survey and the Statistical Yearbook of Chinese Civil Affairs. Comparing to the situation in 1980s type by type, it is shown that policy change and political fluctuation are the most important explanations for the development of associations in 1990s. It finds that during the re-registration and houseclean campaign, the total number of associations dropped greatly. But more grassroots association were accepted and the autonomy of civic associations are also strengthened. But a panel analysis of provincial associational density between 1992 and 2003 shows that economic development and marketization are positive to the associational density after controlling the policy fluctuations. But there is no significant relations between the social modernization and associational density. When a interaction between the covariates and the policy change are considered, all except the urbanization are not significant related to the associational density.; All in all, modernization, marketization, and policy fluctuation can explain the development and change of civic associations in 1980s and 1990s. The policy fluctuations plays the key, and has been more significant in the late 1990s. But as to the state-society relations, it also shows that it is not a zero-sum game, but a win-win game in recent years.
机译：自1990年中期以来，民间社团一直是中国国家社会关系的窗口，引起了中国学生的关注。始终采用的理论观点包括公民社会和社团主义，它们更加关注公民社团的政治方面。基于案例研究，先前的研究并未解释公民协会在时间和空间上的变化。为了填补经验和理论上的空白，我的研究旨在分析中国公民社团的宏观政治经济学。在回顾了历史并勾勒出公民协会的面貌之后，我提出了一个以现代化，市场化和政策波动为独立变量的综合理论框架，以解释改革中国公民协会的发展。它分为两个时期：1978〜1991年和1992〜2004年。在分析第一阶段时，收集了各种数据源，以验证流行的现代化假设和过渡假设。重点放在1980年代政治动荡的影响上。数据显示，协会注册的级别越高，面对波动时他们就越明智。根据时间序列比较，对波动的敏感性也是关联类型的函数。商业协会，娱乐协会比其他组织更明智。市场化与商业协会和专业协会的发展密切相关。国家在它们的发展中起着关键作用。现代化是学术协会和娱乐协会发展的关键因素。但是，在横截面分析中，现代化也占了不同区域之间关联密度变化的一部分，但相关性很弱。市场变迁带来的国家与社会之间的力量平衡在横截面分析中与关联密度的差异无关。在了解第二阶段协会的发展时，数据来自全国范围的抽样调查和《中国民政统计年鉴》。比较1980年代的情况，可以看出政策变化和政治动荡是1990年代社团发展的最重要原因。调查发现，在重新注册和大扫除运动期间，协会总数大幅度下降。但是，更多的基层社团被接受，民间社团的自治也得到了加强。但是，对1992年至2003年间省级协会密度的面板分析显示，在控制了政策波动之后，经济发展和市场化对协会密度是积极的。但是，社会现代化与社团密度之间没有显着关系。当考虑协变量与政策变化之间的相互作用时，除城市化以外的所有变量均与关联密度无关。总而言之，现代化，市场化和政策波动可以解释1980年代和1990年代公民社团的发展和变化。政策波动是关键，在1990年代后期更为明显。但是对于国家社会关系，这也表明它不是零和博弈，而是近年来的双赢博弈。

著录项

  • 作者

    He, Jianyu.;

  • 作者单位

    The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Hong Kong).;

  • 授予单位 The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Hong Kong).;
  • 学科 Political Science Public Administration.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2007
  • 页码 209 p.
  • 总页数 209
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 政治理论;
  • 关键词

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