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Economic-engineering analysis of water management for restoring the Colorado River delta.

机译：恢复科罗拉多河三角洲水资源管理的经济工程分析。

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This dissertation offers an economic-engineering systems analysis of environmental water flows to the Colorado River Delta (CRD). Systems analysis provides a framework to integrate hydrology, competing water demands, and hydraulic infrastructure as well as institutional policies and physical constraints in a regional water allocation model. Environmental water uses are often included in hydro-economic models via minimum flow restrictions. In this study, a systems analysis tool based on the CALVIN model is developed to incorporate minimum environmental water flow restrictions within a hydro-economic representation of the CRD region of Mexico. Shadow values of the environmental flows from this model estimate opportunity costs of competing water uses, including agricultural and urban.; Agricultural and urban water demand models are used to obtain water shadow values by use. The agricultural demand model was developed deductively using positive mathematical programming. Shadow values for urban uses under block rate pricing structures were obtained using econometric analysis. For policy analysis, different levels of minimum flows are analyzed. Sources of water include idealized water markets in the CRD, water imports, infrastructure changes and wastewater reuse.; Results show that designated environmental water flows are likely to have greater impacts on agricultural than urban uses. Mandated flow regimes and liberalized markets for water appear to be promising strategies among policy alternatives to restore and maintain ecosystem functions in the CRD. For the policy scenarios simulated, no significant scarcity cost reductions arise from additional hydraulic infrastructure. Furthermore, shadow values of environmental flows can be so small that interboundary water transfers from the United States hold little promise for restoration. Findings highlight the importance of working out institutional constraints and suggest ways to take water management alternatives from the modeling laboratory into the real world. Systems analysis and the CALVIN model are useful screening tools that can provide policymakers quickly and effectively with information on policy alternatives while integrating knowledge about diverse aspects of water availability and use in a region.
机译：本文对流向科罗拉多河三角洲（CRD）的环境水进行了经济工程系统分析。系统分析提供了一个框架，可以将水文，竞争性的用水需求，水力基础设施以及机构政策和物理约束整合到区域水资源分配模型中。水经济模型通常通过最小流量限制将环境用水包括在内。在这项研究中，开发了一种基于CALVIN模型的系统分析工具，以将最小的环境水流量限制纳入墨西哥CRD地区的水力经济表示中。该模型中环境流量的影子值估计了包括农业和城市在内的竞争用水的机会成本。农业和城市用水需求模型用于通过使用获得水影子值。农业需求模型是使用正数学程序推导得出的。使用计量经济学分析获得了按块率定价结构得出的城市使用影子值。为了进行政策分析，分析了不同级别的最小流量。水源包括CRD中理想的水市场，水进口，基础设施变更和废水回用。结果表明，与城市用水相比，指定的环境水流量对农业的影响可能更大。强制性的水流管理制度和开放的水市场似乎是恢复和维持CRD中生态系统功能的替代政策之一。对于模拟的政策方案，没有因增加液压基础设施而显着减少稀缺成本的情况。此外，环境流量的影子值可能很小，以至于美国的跨界水转移几乎没有恢复的希望。研究结果强调了解决制度约束的重要性，并提出了将水管理替代方案从建模实验室引入现实世界的方法。系统分析和CALVIN模型是有用的筛选工具，可以向政策制定者快速有效地提供有关政策选择的信息，同时整合有关区域水资源可用性和使用的各个方面的知识。

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