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Peeking into the black box: The structure and function of soil microbial communities in response to increasing nitrogen availability.

机译:窥见黑匣子:土壤微生物群落的结构和功能,随着氮素利用率的增加而增加。

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摘要

Soil microbial communities are enormously important in the cycling of nitrogen (N). Soil microbial communities may be changing due to increasing atmospheric N deposition, which in turn may have serious consequences for terrestrial storage and cycling of N and carbon (C). This work seeks to understand how the soil microbial community responds to changes in N availability and how microbial community changes translate in to changes in ecosystem functions related to N and C storage and cycling. In the first experiment, I used a phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) approach to examine how the general soil microbial community and how specific components of the microbial community respond to increases in inorganic and organic N availability. In the second study, I focus on how the community structure of ectomycorrhizal fungi varies over an atmospheric N deposition gradient and how changes in the ectomycorrhizal fungal community relate to changes in ecosystem functions associated with N cycling such as lignin depolymerization, proteolytic activity, and N mineralization. In the third study, I conducted an N addition experiment in Maine, the point along the northeastern N deposition gradient in the United States receiving the lowest amounts of ambient N, in order to examine the role of N in producing the patterns observed in the gradient study. In the final experiment, I examined the response of fungal hyphae in situ to inorganic N fertilization which gives us insight into how ectomycorrhizal communities respond to increasing atmospheric N deposition.
机译:土壤微生物群落在氮(N)循环中极为重要。土壤微生物群落可能由于大气中N沉积物的增加而发生变化,这反过来可能对陆地存储和N和碳(C)的循环产生严重影响。这项工作旨在了解土壤微生物群落如何响应氮素有效性的变化,以及微生物群落的变化如何转化为与氮,碳存储和循环有关的生态系统功能的变化。在第一个实验中,我使用了磷脂脂肪酸(PLFA)方法来研究一般土壤微生物群落以及微生物群落的特定组成部分如何响应无机和有机氮有效性的增加。在第二项研究中,我着重研究外生菌根真菌的群落结构如何在大气氮沉降梯度上变化,以及外生菌根真菌群落的变化如何与与氮循环相关的生态系统功能的变化相关,例如木质素解聚,蛋白水解活性和氮。矿化。在第三项研究中,我在缅因州进行了氮添加实验,该点是美国东北部N沉积梯度沿点接收的最低环境N量,目的是检验N在产生梯度中观察到的模式中的作用研究。在最后的实验中,我检查了真菌菌丝对无机氮肥的原位响应,这使我们了解了外生菌根群落如何响应不断增加的大气氮沉降。

著录项

  • 作者

    Lucas, Richard William.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Pennsylvania.;

  • 授予单位 University of Pennsylvania.;
  • 学科 Biology Ecology.;Agriculture Soil Science.;Biogeochemistry.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2007
  • 页码 147 p.
  • 总页数 147
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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