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Binaural Sensitivity in Children with Normal Hearing and Children with Bilateral Cochlear Implants.

机译：听力正常的儿童和双侧人工耳蜗的儿童的双耳敏感性。

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摘要

Binaural hearing provides a listener with access to interaural time and interaural level differences (ITDs and ILDs). Binaural hearing aids in spatial hearing skills, such as sound localization or the ability to segregate speech in noisy environments. These spatial hearing abilities are vital for young children, as they spend a remarkable amount of time in noisy environments, such as a classrooms or playgrounds. Children with normal hearing (NH) perform well on spatial hearing tasks by the age of 4-5. Although children with bilateral cochlear implants (BiCIs) perform better than children with unilateral implants, they still perform worse than their NH peers when tested on the same tasks. Some factors that may be responsible for this gap in performance include (1) the lack of temporal fine structure present in current clinical processing, (2) neural degradation due to lack of early acoustic hearing, (3) surgical issues leading to differing depths of electrode array insertion between the two ears, and (4) the lack of temporal synchronization between the two implants.;The specific aims of this dissertation are to (1) investigate the extent to which the high-rate amplitude modulated stimuli are the limiting factor in performance by studying the ability of NH children to utilize envelope ITDs as transmitted by stimuli that renders fine structure information for ITDs imperceptible, (2) examine binaural sensitivity to binaural cues in children with BiCIs using low-rate pulsatile stimuli on pitch matched pairs to understand whether children with BiCIs have the ability to utilize these cues, (3) examine the effects of perceived interaural pitch mismatch on a pitch comparison task and a task measuring ITD sensitivity to evaluate the efficacy of pitch matching in children, (4) examine the effects of stimulus rate on ITD sensitivity in order to determine if high-rate amplitude modulated stimuli can elicit ITD sensitivity, and (5) investigate cognitive factors that may predict performance on tasks of binaural sensitivity, to better understand if specific cognitive factors may be predictors of binaural performance. Together, the five aims of this dissertation are designed to provide a better insight into why children with BiCIs demonstrate poor spatial hearing abilities.
机译：双耳听力为听众提供了听觉时间和听觉水平差异（ITD和ILD）的途径。双耳助听器有助于空间听觉技能，例如声音定位或在嘈杂环境中分离语音的能力。这些空间听觉能力对于幼儿至关重要，因为他们在嘈杂的环境（例如教室或操场）中花费大量时间。听力正常的儿童到4-5岁时在空间听力任务中表现良好。尽管双侧人工耳蜗（BiCIs）的孩子比单侧人工耳蜗的孩子表现更好，但在相同的任务测试中，他们的表现仍比同龄人的NH同伴差。造成这种性能差异的一些因素可能包括：（1）当前临床处理中缺乏时间精细结构；（2）由于缺乏早期听觉听力所致的神经退化；（3）导致不同深度的手术问题电极阵列插入两只耳朵之间，（4）两种植入物之间缺乏时间同步性。本论文的具体目的是（1）研究高速幅度调制刺激在多大程度上是限制因素通过研究NH儿童利用刺激传递的包膜ITD的能力，从而使ITD的精细结构信息难以察觉，（2）在音高匹配对上使用低速脉动刺激来检查BiCI儿童对双耳线索的双耳敏感性。了解BiCI儿童是否有能力利用这些提示，（3）检查感知到的耳间音高不匹配对音高比较ta的影响sk和一项测量ITD敏感性的任务，以评估儿童音高匹配的效果，（4）检查刺激率对ITD敏感性的影响，以确定高速振幅调制刺激是否可以引起ITD敏感性，以及（5）研究可以预测双耳敏感性任务表现的认知因素，以更好地了解特定的认知因素是否可能是双耳表现的预测因子。总之，本论文的五个目标旨在更好地了解为何BiCIs儿童表现出较差的空间听觉能力。

著录项

  • 作者

    Bennett, Erica E.;

  • 作者单位

    The University of Wisconsin - Madison.;

  • 授予单位 The University of Wisconsin - Madison.;
  • 学科 Audiology.;Neurosciences.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2016
  • 页码 149 p.
  • 总页数 149
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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