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The comparative agronomic potential of Miscanthus x giganteus and Panicum virgatum as energy crops in Illinois.

机译：在伊利诺伊州，芒草（Miscanthus x giganteus）和百日草（Panicum virgatum）作为能源作物的比较农艺潜力。

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摘要

Bioenergy crops are rapidly gaining importance in the US and around the world. This dissertation describes 4 studies used to assess the comparative performance of Miscanthus x giganteus and Panicum virgatum as energy crops in Illinois. (1) A literature review of M. x giganteus experience in Europe and extrapolation to Illinois. Applying an agro-climatic model of M. x giganteus yields developed in Europe to Illinois suggested the crop yields of 27 and 43 t ha-1 . Assuming a farm gate value equivalent to that of fossil fuels suggested the crop would be very profitable compared to corn/soybean within Illinois, and could meet a significant portion of Illinois' energy demand. (2) A statistical analysis of peer-reviewed literature reports of M. x giganteus in Europe and P. virgatum in the US. Yields were extracted from all prior published trials of the two crops. Across the entire range of temperature, precipitation and nitrogen supply at which these crops have been tested M. x giganteus always outyielded P. virgatum. (3) The first US side-by-side trials of M. x giganteus and P. virgatum were established at three sites across Illinois in 2002. Peak biomass yields in 2004 and 2005 ranged from 26--61 t ha-1 for M. x giganteus , exceeding predictions and approximately four times the yields of the adjacent P. virgatum. (4) Both crops can recycle nitrogen so that fertilizer addition is minimized. Nitrogen dynamics were examined in the side-by-side trials. By late winter, the typical time of harvest, N content was just 0.14% in M. x giganteus and 0.35% in P. virgatum representing about 40 and 11 kg N ha-1 annual takeoff. The findings suggest that even at these very low N contents, nitrogen fertilization would be necessary in the long-term to maintain yields. (5) This study shows that M. x giganteus does have exceptional potential as a biomass crop in Illinois conditions. The annual yields of biomass achieved are among the highest known and yet the crop received no inputs after establishment. There are significant barriers to realizing this potential at a commercial scale: propagation, planting and lack of genetic diversity appearing particular barriers.
机译：生物能源作物在美国和世界各地正迅速变得重要。本论文描述了4项研究，用于评估伊利诺伊州芒草（Miscanthus x giganteus）和虎杖（Panicum virgatum）作为能源作物的比较性能。 （1）有关欧洲M. x giganteus经验和推断到伊利诺伊州的文献综述。将在欧洲开发的M. x giganteus产量的农业气候模型应用于伊利诺伊州，表明该作物的产量为27和43 t ha-1。假设与化石燃料相当的农场入场价表明，与伊利诺伊州的玉米/大豆相比，该农作物将非常有利可图，并且可以满足伊利诺伊州很大一部分的能源需求。 （2）对欧洲M. x giganteus和美国P. virgatum的同行评审文献报告的统计分析。从两种作物的所有先前公开试验中提取产量。在对这些作物进行测试的整个温度，降水和氮素供应的整个范围内，M。x giganteus的产量始终超过virgatum。 （3）2002年在伊利诺伊州的三个地点建立了美国第一个关于M. x giganteus和virgatum的并行试验。2004和2005年M的峰值生物量产量为26--61 t ha-1 。x giganteus，超出了预期，约为相邻野豌豆的产量的四倍。 （4）两种作物都可以循环利用氮，从而使肥料添加量降至最低。在并行试验中检查了氮动力学。到冬季后期，即典型的收获时间，M。x giganteus的N含量仅为0.14％，V。virgatum的N含量仅为0.35％，这代表每年约40和11 kg N ha-1的起飞。研究结果表明，即使氮含量非常低，从长远来看，也必须进行氮肥施用以保持产量。 （5）这项研究表明，M。x giganteus在伊利诺伊州确实具有作为生物质作物的特殊潜力。每年获得的生物量单产是已知最高的，但该作物在定殖后未获得任何投入。在商业规模上实现这一潜力存在很大的障碍：繁殖，种植和缺乏遗传多样性似乎是特别的障碍。

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  • 作者

    Heaton, Emily Anne.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.;

  • 授予单位 University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.;
  • 学科 Agriculture Agronomy.; Biology Plant Physiology.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2006
  • 页码 104 p.
  • 总页数 104
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 农学（农艺学）;植物学;
  • 关键词

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