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Carbon nanotube based electrochemical supercapacitors.

机译：碳纳米管基电化学超级电容器。

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摘要

Several approaches have been used to develop carbon nanotube (CNT) based electrochemical supercapacitors. These approaches include the following: (a) stabilization and carbonization of ternary composites of polyacrylonitrile (PAN), poly (styrene--co-acrylonitrile) (SAN) copolymer, and single wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs); (b) SWNT membranes functionalized with aryl chloride, sodium sulfonate, aryl sulfonic acid, bis(3,5-di-tert-butylphenyl)5-aminobenzene-1,3-dioate, and 4,4'-methylenedianiline; and (c) pyrrole treated SWNTs. In addition nitric acid functionalized and heat-treated SWNT membranes have been studied. The electrochemical supercapacitor behavior of these membrane electrodes has been characterized by cyclic voltammetry, constant current charging-discharging, and impedance analysis in aqueous and ionic liquid electrolytes. Long term performance of selected electrodes has been evaluated. The surface area and pore size distribution was quantified by N2 gas adsorption/desorption and correlated with capacitance performance. The surface functional groups have been characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. CNT electrode/electrolyte interaction has been characterized using contact angle measurements. Electrolyte absorption by the electrodes has also been characterized.; Carbonized PAN/SAN/SWNT ternary composites exhibit double layer capacity of over 200 microF/cm2. By comparison, the double layer capacity of classical meso-porous carbons is in the range of 10-50 microF/cm 2. The capacitance of functionalized SWNTs is up to 2 times that of the control bucky paper made from unfunctionalized SWNTs. Energy density of functionalized electrodes when evaluated in an ionic liquid is as high as 28 kJ/kg. High capacitance (up to 350 F/g) was obtained for pyrrole-treated functionalized SWNT membranes in 6 M KOH. This value is almost seven times that of the control bucky paper. Correlating the capacitance with surface area and pore size distribution, it was observed that macropores (pore width greater than 50 nm) play an important role for achieving high capacitance.
机译：已经使用了几种方法来开发基于碳纳米管（CNT）的电化学超级电容器。这些方法包括：（a）聚丙烯腈（PAN），聚（苯乙烯-丙烯腈）（SAN）共聚物和单壁碳纳米管（SWNT）的三元复合材料的稳定化和碳化； （b）用芳基氯，磺酸钠，芳基磺酸，双（3,5-二叔丁基苯基）5-氨基苯-1,3-二酸酯和4,4'-亚甲基二苯胺官能化的SWNT膜； （c）吡咯处理的单壁碳纳米管。另外，已经研究了硝酸官能化和热处理的SWNT膜。这些膜电极的电化学超级电容器行为已通过循环伏安法，恒流充放电以及在水性和离子型液体电解质中的阻抗分析进行了表征。已评估了所选电极的长期性能。通过N 2气体吸附/解吸定量表面积和孔径分布，并将其与电容性能相关。表面官能团已经通过X射线光电子能谱表征。 CNT电极/电解质的相互作用已使用接触角测量进行了表征。还已经表征了电极对电解质的吸收。碳化的PAN / SAN / SWNT三元复合材料的双层容量超过200 microF / cm2。相比之下，经典的中孔碳的双层容量在10-50 microF / cm 2的范围内。功能化的SWNT的电容量是由未功能化的SWNT制成的对照巴克纸的两倍。当在离子液体中评估时，功能化电极的能量密度高达28 kJ / kg。在6 M KOH中，吡咯处理的功能化SWNT膜具有高电容（高达350 F / g）。该值几乎是空白对照纸的7倍。将电容与表面积和孔径分布相关联，可以观察到大孔（孔宽度大于50 nm）对于实现高电容起着重要作用。

著录项

  • 作者

    Zhou, Chongfu.;

  • 作者单位

    Georgia Institute of Technology.;

  • 授予单位 Georgia Institute of Technology.;
  • 学科 Plastics Technology.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2006
  • 页码 212 p.
  • 总页数 212
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 整形外科学（修复外科学）;
  • 关键词

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