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首页> 外文学位 >Airborne pollutant spatial distribution, emission, and ventilation effectiveness for mechanically ventilated livestock buildings.
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Airborne pollutant spatial distribution, emission, and ventilation effectiveness for mechanically ventilated livestock buildings.

机译：机械通风的畜牧建筑的空气传播污染物的空间分布，排放和通风效果。

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摘要

The spatial distribution of pollutants indoors has not been adequately addressed in the literature primarily due to tedium, high experimental cost, and lack of funding. Yet, this information is essential in the design of pollutant control measures and ventilation systems in buildings. The spatial distributions of particles and gases, as well as the emission and effectiveness of ventilation systems, were studied by conducting field and laboratory experiments and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation.; The results of experiments in a mechanically ventilated swine building showed that the spatial distribution of particulate matter (PM) and ammonia (NH3) concentrations differed in winter and summer due to the different airflow patterns. The PM concentration was more likely to vary crosswise in winter and lengthwise in summer within the building. The concentration of NH3, on the other hand, tended to vary more lengthwise in winter and was distributed almost uniformly in summer. These results are important in the strategic location of samplers in the building.; Laboratory experiments were conducted to determine how the type of ventilation system and the levels of ventilation rate affect the spatial distribution of pollutants. Carbon dioxide (CO2) was used as a tracer gas to represent the transport of other gases. The type of ventilation system had a significant effect on the spatial distribution of both particles and CO 2. The ventilation rate, on the other hand, had no substantial effect on the spatial distribution of both pollutants. In addition, increased in ventilation rate decreased the removal effectiveness for PM possibly due to resuspension of particles. Increasing the ventilation rate, however, resulted in increased contaminant removal effectiveness for CO2.; CFD simulation was used to predict the spatial distribution of particles less than 10 mum in diameter (PM10) in the swine building. Results showed that the magnitude of the predicted concentrations was significantly higher than the measured concentrations which could be attributed to the assumption of the particle generation rate. Thus, the CFD will be useful as a simulation tool in the future if the particle variables (e.g., particle generation rate, particle velocity) in the model can be properly quantified.
机译：室内的污染物空间分布在文献中并未得到充分解决，这主要是由于乏味，高昂的实验成本以及缺乏资金。但是，此信息对于设计建筑物中的污染物控制措施和通风系统至关重要。通过进行现场和实验室实验以及计算机流体动力学（CFD）模拟，研究了颗粒和气体的空间分布以及通风系统的排放和有效性。在机械通风的猪舍中进行的实验结果表明，由于气流模式的不同，冬季和夏季颗粒物（PM）和氨（NH3）浓度的空间分布也有所不同。建筑物内的PM浓度在冬天越有可能横向变化，而在夏天越有纵向变化。另一方面，NH3的浓度在冬天沿长度方向变化更大，而在夏天几乎均匀地分布。这些结果对于建筑物中采样器的战略位置很重要。进行了实验室实验，以确定通风系统的类型和通风率的水平如何影响污染物的空间分布。二氧化碳（CO2）被用作示踪气体代表其他气体的传输。通风系统的类型对颗粒和CO 2的空间分布都具有显着影响。另一方面，通风速率对两种污染物的空间分布都没有显着影响。另外，通风速率的增加可能由于颗粒的再悬浮而降低了对PM的去除效果。但是，增加通风速率会提高对CO2的污染物去除效率。 CFD模拟用于预测猪舍中直径小于10微米（PM10）的颗粒的空间分布。结果表明，预测浓度的幅度明显高于测量浓度，这可能归因于颗粒生成速率的假设。因此，如果可以正确量化模型中的粒子变量（例如，粒子生成速率，粒子速度），CFD将来将用作模拟工具。

著录项

  • 作者

    Jerez, Sheryll Buena.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.;

  • 授予单位 University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.;
  • 学科 Engineering Agricultural.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2007
  • 页码 276 p.
  • 总页数 276
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 农业工程;
  • 关键词

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