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Ductile lightweight concrete for lightweight structural application.

机译：韧性轻质混凝土，用于轻质结构应用。

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摘要

This study developed a ductile concrete for precast wall systems which are capable of resisting high wind in excess of 500 mph. The developed concrete mix design consists of sand, cement, glass fiber, and a foaming agent to produce lightweight concrete in the range of 87 pcf (1392 kg/m3) to 90 pcf (1440 kg/m3).; A comprehensive testing program for evaluation of the developed concrete material was undertaken. The mix designs were prepared both in the laboratory and in the mix truck with drum capacity of 27 ft3 (0.77 m 3), and 177.6 ft3 (5 m3), respectively. The large concrete batches using trucks were prepared at the Hanson plants in Grand Prairie, Texas and News Orleans, Louisiana.; The material test included: 188 compressive strength tests (ASTM C39); 166 Modulus of rupture tests (ASTM C78); and 310 Pull-out test (ASTM C234-86) for both sites. From each mix design, three specimens for 1, 3, 7, 14, 28, 56, and 90 day(s) were prepared and tested on the designated test day. The relationships between the concrete unit weight and each of the a aforementioned properties were obtained and recorded.; Two types of pull out test (ASTM C234-86) were conducted: (1) the steel bar (#4) was embedded at 4 in. (10.16 cm.) in the 6 in.(152.4 mm.) x 12 in.(304.8 mm.) cylinders and (2) the steel bar was embedded at 12 in.(304.8 mm.) in the 6 in.(152.4 mm.) x 12 in.(304.8 mm.) cylinders. This was done to document both the pull-out and fracture mode of the failure during the pull-out test.; Full-scale beam tests with specimen sizes of 8 in.(20.32 cm.) x 20 in.(50.8 cm.) x 96 in.(243.8 cm.) were conducted with and without reinforcements. A total of 124 beams (95 without reinforcement and 29 with reinforcement) were tested in four-point bending. The crack patterns and failure loads were identified and recorded. Also, the behavior of the non-reinforced full-size test beams were compared with the ASTM C78 beams. The full-scale testing was continued by testing lightweight precast wall panel with two types of opening configurations: (1) window opening and (2) door opening. Four full-scale walls were tested by being subjected to a single concentrated load at the center of the panel and being loaded to failure. These wall panels were cast at the Hanson's News Orleans's site (Site2) and were transported for testing to the University of Texas at Arlington structural field laboratory at the Hanson's Grand Prairie plant (site1). The wall panels were loaded to failure in an incremental manner and the crack initiation and propagations were identified and recorded. Also the load-deformation plots were obtained.; Finally, a three dimensional nonlinear finite element model (FEM) of the wall panels were developed which included elements for the lightweight ductile concrete and the reinforcements. The material geometric and contact algorithms were coupled with the smeared crack model was incorporated in the analysis. The developed FEM is capable of predicting crack initiation and propagation which verified against the experimental tests. Also, the load-deformation plots from the experimental results were compared with those obtained from the FEM analysis, which showed very close correlations.
机译：这项研究开发了一种用于预制墙系统的可延展混凝土，该混凝土能够抵抗超过500 mph的强风。开发的混凝土混合料设计由沙子，水泥，玻璃纤维和发泡剂组成，可生产87 pcf（1392 kg / m3）至90 pcf（1440 kg / m3）的轻质混凝土。进行了综合测试程序，以评估已开发的混凝土材料。混合料的设计在实验室和混合料车中进行，桶容量分别为27 ft3（0.77 m 3）和177.6 ft3（5 m3）。使用卡车的大批混凝土是在德克萨斯州大草原的汉森工厂和路易斯安那州的新闻奥尔良工厂准备的。材料测试包括：188次抗压强度测试（ASTM C39）； 166断裂模量（ASTM C78）;和310个拉拔测试（ASTM C234-86）。从每种混合料设计中，准备了1、3、7、14、28、56和90天的三个样品，并在指定的测试日进行了测试。获得并记录了混凝土单位重量与上述每种性能之间的关系。进行了两种类型的拉拔测试（ASTM C234-86）：（1）将钢棒（＃4）嵌入4英寸（10.16厘米）的6英寸（152.4毫米）x 12英寸的孔中。 （304.8毫米）的圆柱体和（2）钢筋以6英寸（152.4毫米）x 12英寸（304.8毫米）的圆柱体嵌入12英寸（304.8毫米）。这样做是为了记录在拉出测试过程中失效的拉出模式和断裂模式。在有或没有增强件的情况下，进行了标本尺寸为8英寸（20.32厘米）x 20英寸（50.8厘米）x 96英寸（243.8厘米）的全尺寸梁测试。在四点弯曲中测试了总共124根梁（95根不加筋，29根加筋）。识别并记录裂纹模式和破坏载荷。同样，将非增强型全尺寸测试梁的性能与ASTM C78梁进行了比较。通过测试具有两种类型的开口配置的轻质预制墙板，继续进行了全面测试：（1）窗户开口和（2）门开口。四个全尺寸墙通过在面板中央承受单个集中载荷并被加载至破坏来进行测试。这些墙板在Hanson News Orleans的站点（Site2）上浇铸，然后运往Hanson的Grand Prairie工厂（site1）的德克萨斯大学阿灵顿结构现场实验室进行测试。以递增的方式将墙板加载至破坏，并识别并记录裂纹的萌生和扩展。还获得了载荷-变形图。最后，开发了墙板的三维非线性有限元模型（FEM），其中包括轻质可延展混凝土和钢筋的元素。在分析中结合了材料的几何和接触算法以及涂污裂纹模型。所开发的有限元模型能够预测裂纹萌生和扩展，并已通过实验测试验证了这一点。另外，将实验结果的载荷-变形图与FEM分析获得的载荷-变形图进行了比较，结果显示出非常密切的相关性。

著录项

  • 作者

    Piyamaikongdech, Ake.;

  • 作者单位

    The University of Texas at Arlington.$bCivil & Environmental Engineering.;

  • 授予单位 The University of Texas at Arlington.$bCivil & Environmental Engineering.;
  • 学科 Engineering Civil.
  • 学位 M.S.C.E.
  • 年度 2007
  • 页码 200 p.
  • 总页数 200
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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