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Effect of changes in sediment and contaminant loads in Newark Bay on future disposal of dredged sediments.

机译：纽瓦克湾沉积物和污染物负荷变化对疏disposal沉积物未来处置的影响。

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The Port of New York and New Jersey handled almost {dollar}133 billion in cargoes in 2005. Most of the Port's commercial facilities are located in Newark Bay. A heavy sediment load is discharged into it from upstream and downstream sources. Since the late 1880s, dredging has been needed in the Bay to provide navigable waterways for commercial shipping. The continuation of dredging is threatened by the lack of a sediment management strategy that provides long-term disposal planning. This thesis developed a disposal plan for the Bay during the period from 2005 to 2025.; A comparison of the sediment inputs and outputs suggests dynamic equilibrium is being maintained with the average annual accumulation (∼ 165,000 MT/y) being approximately equal to the mass routinely removed by dredging (∼ 157,000 MT/y). A mathematical model demonstrated that the critical shear stress for incipient sediment motion (estimated at 1 dyne/cm2) is frequently exceeded on the tidal flats and in the dredged channels. Simulations indicated that water-borne sediments in the upper portion of Newark Bay do not leave the Bay during ebb tide. Approximately 15 percent of the re-suspended sediments in the lower portion of the Bay were predicted to exit the system.; Newark Bay's sediment quality has been degraded influencing the acceptability of disposal practices. To assess the feasibility of ocean placement prior to 2025, a regression analysis of contaminant trends was performed. Target acceptability levels for mercury (0.4 ppm) and dioxin (10 pptr) were set based on current ocean placement site criteria. Mercury levels were predicted to be acceptable in the year 2049 and dioxin in the year 2040. Based on these results, further consideration of ocean placement of Bay maintenance material (forecasted at 240,000 m3/y) was consideration infeasible. Unacceptable new construction material generated during deepening projects was estimated at 150,000 m3/y from 2005 until 2014. Beyond 2014, the requirement returned to 240,000 m3. Combining requirements yields 6.2 million m3, plus 4.6 million m3 of ocean suitable material and 0.5 million m3 of rock. The total required disposal capacity was projected at 11.3 million m3 but may fluctuate significantly given natural variability of the Newark Bay sediment system.
机译：2005年，纽约和新泽西港共处理了约1330亿美元的货物。该港口的大部分商业设施都位于纽瓦克湾。沉重的泥沙负荷从上游和下游排放入其中。自1880年代后期以来，海湾一直需要疏dr，以提供通航的水路以进行商业运输。由于缺乏提供长期处置计划的沉积物管理策略，疏of的继续受到威胁。本文制定了2005年至2025年海湾的处置计划。沉积物输入和输出的比较表明，保持了动态平衡，年均积累量（约165,000 MT / y）大约等于挖泥机通常去除的质量（约157,000 MT / y）。一个数学模型表明，潮滩和疏channels河道经常超过初始泥沙运动的临界剪切应力（估计为1达因/平方厘米）。模拟表明，在退潮期间，纽瓦克湾上部的水生沉积物不会离开该湾。预计海湾下部大约15％的重悬沉积物将从系统中流出。纽瓦克湾的沉积物质量已经下降，影响了处置方法的可接受性。为了评估2025年之前进行海洋布置的可行性，对污染物趋势进行了回归分析。汞（0.4 ppm）和二恶英（10 pptr）的目标可接受水平是根据当前海洋放置地点的标准确定的。预计2049年的汞水平是可以接受的，而2040年的二恶英是可以接受的。基于这些结果，认为进一步考虑对海湾维护材料的海洋放置（预测为240,000 m3 / y）是不可行的。从2005年到2014年，深化项目期间产生的不可接受的新建筑材料估计为150,000立方米/年。2014年以后，需求又回到了240,000立方米。结合需求，将产生620万立方米，再加上460万立方米的海洋适合材料和50万立方米的岩石。预计所需的总处理能力为1,130万立方米，但考虑到纽瓦克湾沉积物系统的自然可变性，可能会有很大的波动。

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