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首页> 外文学位 >Purification of aquaculture wastewater and production of fish feed using agricultural and aquatic plants.
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Purification of aquaculture wastewater and production of fish feed using agricultural and aquatic plants.

机译：使用农业和水生植物净化水产养殖废水并生产鱼饲料。

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摘要

Aquaculture is the cultivation and harvesting of aquatic organisms in marine or freshwater. The industry continues to grow at a rapid rate, places great demands on water resources and produces large quantities of wastewater which can contribute to significant environmental degradation. Hydroponics is the cultivation of plants in nutrient enriched water with or without the mechanical support of a medium such as sand or gravel. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of integrating an aquaculture operation with a plant production system. Three terrestrial crops (wheat, barley and oats) and three aquatic macrophytes (water hyacinth, water lettuce and parrot's feather) were evaluated for their ability to remove nutrients from aquaculture wastewater and for their suitability as a component in fish feed. The objectives of this study were: (a) to evaluate the quality of wastewater from a recirculating aquaculture system stocked with Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus), (b) to evaluate the effects of surface sterilization on seed germination percentage, (c) to evaluate the effects of seed quantity and wastewater application rate on crop height and yield of the three agricultural crops, (d) to evaluate the effects of hydraulic retention time on the yield of the three aquatic macrophytes, (e) to evaluate the ability of the agricultural crops and the aquatic macrophytes to reduce the pollution load of the wastewater as measured by TS, COD, NH4+-N, NO2--N, NO3--N, PO 43+-P, and pH, (f) to evaluate the suitability of recycling the treated wastewater for fish culture and (g) to evaluate the suitability of using the wastewater grown plants as a component of fish feed as determined by their nutritive value (energy, carbohydrates, crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, Ca, Cl, Mg, P, K, Na, S, B, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Se and Zn).; The quality of water from a recirculating aquaculture facility stocked with Arctic charr in terms of TS, COD, NH4+-N, NO 2--N, NO3--N, PO4 3+-P and pH was 827 +/- 28, 157.97 +/- 9.32, 2.08 +/- 0.5, 1.27 +/- 0.09, 21.64 +/- 0.60 mg/L and 7.00 +/- 0.13, respectively. Wheat produced the highest yield (64 t/ha) at a seed quantity of 300 g/tray followed by barley (59 t/ha) and oats (42 t/ha). Increasing the wastewater application rate from 690 to 1380 mL/compartment/day increased the barley yield from 59 to 83 t/ha. Increasing the wastewater application rate from 1000 to 2000 mL/compartment/day increased the yield from 5.1 to 8.9 t/ha, from 1.7 to 3.0 t/ha and from 1.2 to 2.9 t/ha for water hyacinth, water lettuce and parrot's feather, respectively. The TS, COD, NW-N, NO2--N, NO3--N, and PO43+-P removal efficiencies of the hydroponics system ranged from 21 to 56%, from 48 to 90%, from 60 to 81%, from 50 to 98%, from 35 to 82% and from 65 to 95%, respectively. The final pH of the effluents ranged from 6.65 to 7.43 and from 8.20 to 8.49 for the terrestrial and aquatic plants, respectively. Waters suitable for reuse in aquaculture were not produced. On a nutritional basis, the terrestrial plants were more suitable for inclusion in fish feed than the aquatic plants. The three terrestrial crops met the energy, fat, Ca, Mg, P, Na, S and Mn dietary requirements of aquatic animals, exceeded the carbohydrate, crude fiber, Cl, K, Cu, Fe, Se and Zn requirements of fish and shellfish and did not contain sufficient amounts of protein to meet the dietary requirements of fish and shellfish. On the basis of growth performance, yield, effluent water quality and nutrition, barley at a seed quantity of 300 g/tray and a wastewater application rate of 1380 mL/compartment/day was recommended for use in the hydroponics system.
机译：水产养殖是在海洋或淡水中养殖和收获水生生物。该行业继续以快速的速度增长，对水资源提出了很高的要求，并产生大量废水，这可能导致严重的环境退化。水培法是在营养丰富的水中在有或没有机械支持（例如沙子或砾石）的情况下种植植物。这项研究的主要目的是评估将水产养殖操作与植物生产系统整合的可行性。对三种陆生作物（小麦，大麦和燕麦）和三种水生植物（水葫芦，水莴苣和鹦鹉的羽毛）进行了评估，以从水产养殖废水中去除营养成分，并作为鱼饲料中的一种成分进行了评估。这项研究的目的是：（a）评价来自北极鲑鱼（Salvelinus alpinus）的循环水产养殖系统废水的质量，（b）评价表面灭菌对种子发芽率的影响，（c）评价种子数量和废水施用量对三种农作物的作物高度和产量的影响，（d）评价水力停留时间对三种水生植物的产量的影响，（e）评价农作物的能力通过TS，COD，NH4 + -N，NO2--N，NO3--N，PO 43 + -P和pH值测量可减少农作物和水生植物的废水污染负荷（f）以评估其适用性回收处理过的用于鱼类养殖的废水，以及（g）根据其营养价值（能量，碳水化合物，粗蛋白，粗脂肪，粗纤维，钙， Cl，Mg，P，K，Na，S，B，C u，Fe，Mn，Mo，Se和Zn）。来自TS，COD，NH4 + -N，NO 2--N，NO3--N，PO4 3 + -P和pH值的北极红点鲑养殖场的​​水质为827 +/- 28，157.97 +/- 9.32、2.08 +/- 0.5、1.27 +/- 0.09、21.64 +/- 0.60 mg / L和7.00 +/- 0.13。小麦产量最高（64吨/公顷），种子量为300克/盘，其次是大麦（59吨/公顷）和燕麦（42吨/公顷）。将废水施用量从690升至1380 mL /室/天，将大麦产量从59吨/公顷提高至83吨/公顷。将水葫芦，生菜和鹦鹉的羽毛的废水施用量从1000到2000 mL /隔室/天增加，产量从5.1到8.9吨/公顷，从1.7到3.0吨/公顷，从1.2到2.9吨/公顷，分别。水培系统的TS，COD，NW-N，NO2--N，NO3--N和PO43 + -P去除效率介于21％至56％，48％至90％，60％至81％，50％至98％，从35％至82％和从65％至95％。对于陆地植物和水生植物，废水的最终pH分别为6.65至7.43和8.20至8.49。没有生产适合在水产养殖中再利用的水。在营养上，陆生植物比水生植物更适合包含在鱼饲料中。三种陆生作物均满足水生动物的能量，脂肪，钙，镁，磷，钠，硫和锰的膳食需求，超过了鱼类和贝类的碳水化合物，粗纤维，氯，钾，铜，铁，硒和锌的需求并且蛋白质含量不足以满足鱼类和贝类的饮食需求。根据生长性能，产量，出水水质和营养状况，建议在水培系统中使用大麦（种子量为300 g /盘）和废水施用量为1380 mL /小室/天。

著录项

  • 作者

    Snow, Amanda Marie.;

  • 作者单位

    Dalhousie University (Canada).;

  • 授予单位 Dalhousie University (Canada).;
  • 学科 Agriculture Fisheries and Aquaculture.
  • 学位 M.A.Sc.
  • 年度 2007
  • 页码 368 p.
  • 总页数 368
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 水产、渔业;
  • 关键词

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