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Experimental and modeling studies on laser-driven aerosol synthesis and processing of nanoparticles.

机译：激光驱动的气溶胶合成和纳米颗粒加工的实验和模型研究。

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摘要

In this dissertation, a CO2 laser-driven photothermal reactor for production of nanoparticles was studied using both experiments and computer simulations.; A novel technology to produce light emitting silicon nanoparticles in macroscopic quantities by gas phase laser-driven pyrolysis of silane has been developed. Due to many important potential applications of light emitting silicon nanoparticles, the synthesis and surface passivation of these particles has been extensively studied. Preparation of macroscopic quantities by the methods described here opens the door to chemical studies of free silicon nanoparticles that could previously be carried out only on porous silicon wafers, as well as to potential commercial applications of silicon nanoparticles.; Magnetic nanoparticles are considered as ideal systems for fundamental research in several areas including superparamagnetism, magnetic dipolar interactions, and magnetoresistance. In our lab, iron and nickel nanoparticles with controlled size have been produced using the laser-driven aerosol synthesis reactor. Iron nanoparticles are prepared directly from commercially available iron carbonyl. However, to produce nickel nanoparticles, nickel carbonyl was generated in situ from activated nickel powder and CO at room temperature so that we never maintain any inventory of this highly toxic compound. By varying with the reaction parameters, we can control average particle size, typically from 5 to 50 nm in diameter. Results of magnetization measurements for small iron and nickel nanoparticles are also presented.; Furthermore, we present a detailed 3D model of the laser-driven reactor system used in our laboratory to produce nanoparticles of silicon and other materials. This model includes detailed descriptions of the fluid flow, heat and mass transfer, and chemical reactions leading to silane decomposition in the gas phase. So far, eight chemical reactions and eight chemical species have been successfully incorporated in the reacting flow CFD simulation. The 3D CFD model was also used to simulate temperature and velocity fields during nickel production. From the detailed 3D CFD models, temperature and velocity profiles along the axis of the reactor have been extracted and coupled with the 1D aerosol dynamics model. Primary particle size, concentration and size distribution can be obtained from this simple model.
机译：本文通过实验和计算机模拟研究了CO2激光驱动光热反应器生产纳米颗粒的过程。已经开发了通过气相激光驱动的硅烷热解产生宏观量的发光硅纳米粒子的新技术。由于发光硅纳米粒子有许多重要的潜在应用，因此对这些粒子的合成和表面钝化进行了广泛的研究。用此处描述的方法制备宏观量，为以前只能在多孔硅晶片上进行的游离硅纳米颗粒的化学研究以及硅纳米颗粒的潜在商业应用打开了大门。磁性纳米粒子被认为是在多个领域进行基础研究的理想系统，这些领域包括超顺磁性，磁偶极相互作用和磁阻。在我们的实验室中，使用激光驱动的气溶胶合成反应器生产了尺寸受控的铁和镍纳米粒子。铁纳米颗粒直接由可商购的羰基铁制备。但是，为了生产镍纳米粒子，在室温下从活化镍粉和一氧化碳中原位生成了羰基镍，因此我们从不保存这种高毒性化合物的任何库存。通过改变反应参数，我们可以控制平均粒径，通常为5至50 nm。还给出了小的铁和镍纳米粒子的磁化强度测量结果。此外，我们提供了实验室中用于生产硅和其他材料纳米颗粒的激光驱动反应堆系统的详细3D模型。该模型包括流体流动，传热和传质以及导致硅烷在气相中分解的化学反应的详细描述。到目前为止，已经在反应流CFD模拟中成功地包含了八个化学反应和八个化学物种。 3D CFD模型还用于模拟镍生产过程中的温度和速度场。从详细的3D CFD模型中，提取了沿反应堆轴线的温度和速度曲线，并与1D气溶胶动力学模型耦合。初级粒径，浓度和粒径分布可从该简单模型获得。

著录项

  • 作者

    He, Yuanqing.;

  • 作者单位

    State University of New York at Buffalo.;

  • 授予单位 State University of New York at Buffalo.;
  • 学科 Engineering Chemical.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2006
  • 页码 261 p.
  • 总页数 261
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 化工过程（物理过程及物理化学过程）;
  • 关键词

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