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High-Resolution In Situ Oxygen-Argon Studies of Surface Biological and Physical Processes in the Polar Oceans.

机译:极地海洋表面生物和物理过程的高分辨率原位氧氩研究。

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摘要

The Arctic Ocean and Western Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) are the fastest warming regions on the planet and are undergoing rapid climate and ecosystem changes. Until we can fully resolve the coupling between biological and physical processes we cannot predict how warming will influence carbon cycling and ecosystem function and structure in these sensitive and climactically important regions. My dissertation centers on the use of high-resolution measurements of surface dissolved gases, primarily O2 and Ar, as tracers or physical and biological functioning that we measure underway using an optode and Equilibrator Inlet Mass Spectrometry (EIMS). Total O2 measurements are common throughout the historical and autonomous record but are influenced by biological (net metabolic balance) and physical (temperature, salinity, pressure changes, ice melt/freeze, mixing, bubbles and diffusive gas exchange) processes. We use Ar, an inert gas with similar solubility properties to O 2, to devolve distinct records of biological (O2/Ar) and physical (Ar) oxygen. These high-resolution measurements that expose intersystem coupling and submesoscale variability were central to studies in the Arctic Ocean, WAP and open Southern Ocean that make up this dissertation.;Key findings of this work include the documentation of under ice and ice-edge blooms and basin scale net sea ice freeze/melt processes in the Arctic Ocean. In the WAP O2 and pCO2 are both biologically driven and net community production (NCP) variability is controlled by Fe and light availability tied to glacial and sea ice meltwater input. Further, we present a feasibility study that shows the ability to use modeled Ar to derive NCP from total O2 records. This approach has the potential to unlock critical carbon flux estimates from historical and autonomous O 2 measurements in the global oceans.
机译:北冰洋和南极西部半岛(WAP)是地球上变暖最快的地区,并且正在经历快速的气候和生态系统变化。在我们无法完全解决生物过程和物理过程之间的耦合问题之前,我们无法预测变暖将如何影响这些敏感且在气候上重要的地区的碳循环以及生态系统功能和结构。我的论文集中在使用高分辨率测量表面溶解气体(主要是O2和Ar)作为示踪剂或物理和生物学功能,我们正在使用光电二极管和平衡器入口质谱(EIMS)进行测量。在整个历史和自治记录中,总的O2测量值很常见,但受生物学(净代谢平衡)和物理(温度,盐度,压力变化,冰融化/冻结,混合,气泡和扩散性气体交换)过程的影响。我们使用具有与O 2相似的溶解性的惰性气体Ar来分解生物(O2 / Ar)和物理(Ar)氧的不同记录。这些揭示系统间耦合和亚中尺度变化的高分辨率测量是构成本文的北冰洋,WAP和南部开放海域研究的核心。这项工作的主要发现包括冰下和冰缘水华的记录以及北冰洋海盆规模的净海冰冻结/融化过程。在WAP中,O2和pCO2都是由生物驱动的,而净社区生产(NCP)的可变性受Fe控制,光的可利用性与冰川和海冰融化水的输入有关。此外,我们提出了一项可行性研究,该研究表明了使用模拟Ar从总O2记录中得出NCP的能力。这种方法有可能从全球海洋的历史和自主O 2测量中解开关键碳通量估计值。

著录项

  • 作者

    Eveleth, Rachel Katherine.;

  • 作者单位

    Duke University.;

  • 授予单位 Duke University.;
  • 学科 Biogeochemistry.;Chemical oceanography.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2016
  • 页码 187 p.
  • 总页数 187
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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