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Fungi from seleniferous habitats and the relationship of selenium to fungal oxidative stress.

机译：硒类生境的真菌以及硒与真菌氧化应激的关系。

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摘要

Saprobic rhizosphere fungi from four seleniferous sites in Colorado and Wyoming were isolated from feeder roots of selenium (Se) hyperaccumulator and non-accumulator plants. The 259 fungal isolates were identified to genus and evaluated for Se tolerance. Among the 24 represented genera, eleven genera comprised 86% of the isolates. The majority of the isolates from the seleniferous sites were visually unaffected by 10 mg L-1 Se, irrespective of host plant (hyperaccumulator vs. non-accumulator) and original isolation agar (0 or 10 mg L-1 Se). Two previously undescribed species of Altemaria were isolated from hyperaccumulators; one isolate was highly selenophilic. Rhizosphere fungi also were isolated from plant roots from a control site where no Se accumulators were present; these fungi were highly sensitive to Se at 10 mg L-1 and, as a group, exhibited reduced (p ≤ 0.05) tolerance when compared to the isolates from the seleniferous sites.; A selected group of isolates was evaluated for Se tolerance, accumulation and volatilization, as well as their trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity, total phenolics and recovery after exposure to UV light. Several Altemaria and related genera and one Fusarium isolate showed up to a five-fold increase in oxidative quenching ability when grown on media containing Se. Further, some of these isolates accumulated Se in their tissues, exhibited a significant increase in growth rate in the presence of Se, and exhibited decreased recovery time after exposure to UV light in the presence of Se. One Aspergillus isolate tolerated high levels of Se (≤600 mg Se L-1), volatilized Se, and failed to accumulate Se. This fungus may be a good candidate for Se mycoremediation. Five of the twelve isolates characterized utilize or to benefit from the Se as judged from a combination of tolerance and an increase in reactive oxygen species quenching and total phenolics without a negative impact on growth. The effects of these responses were seen in the reduction of recovery time from UV light. These fungi may provide a biological resource for oxidative stress treatment and model organisms to study oxidative stress and antioxidant capacity in relation to Se.
机译：从硒（Se）超富集植物和非富集植物的饲养根中分离出科罗拉多州和怀俄明州四个亚硒化位的腐生根际真菌。鉴定出259种真菌分离物为属，并评估其硒耐受性。在24个代表性属中，有11个属占86％。不论宿主植物（超级富集与非富集）和原始分离琼脂（0或10 mg L-1 Se）如何，从亚硒酸盐位点分离的大多数分离物在视觉上均不受10 mg L-1 Se的影响。从超级蓄积物中分离出两个先前未描述的Altemaria物种。一种分离物是高度亲脂的。根际真菌也从不存在硒积累剂的对照部位的植物根部分离得到。这些真菌对硒在10 mg L-1时高度敏感，并且作为一个整体，与来自硒类位点的分离物相比，表现出降低的耐受性（p≤0.05）。对选定的一组分离物进行了硒耐受性，积累和挥发以及其trolox等效抗氧化能力，总酚和暴露于紫外线后的回收率的评估。在含硒培养基上生长时，数个拟南芥属和相关属以及一种镰孢分离株显示出高达5倍的氧化猝灭能力。此外，这些分离物中的一些在其组织中积累了Se，在Se存在下表现出明显的生长速率增加，并且在Se存在下暴露于UV光后表现出缩短的恢复时间。一株曲霉菌能耐受高水平的硒（≤600 mg Se L-1），挥发的硒，并且无法积累硒。这种真菌可能是Se mycoremediation的良好候选者。从耐受性和活性氧猝灭和总酚含量增加的组合来看，表征为特征的十二种分离物中有五种利用硒或从中受益，而对生长没有负面影响。在减少从紫外线的恢复时间中可以看到这些反应的效果。这些真菌可为氧化应激的治疗提供生物学资源，并为生物模型研究与硒有关的氧化应激和抗氧化能力。

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  • 作者

    Wangeline, Ami Lea.;

  • 作者单位

    Colorado State University.;

  • 授予单位 Colorado State University.;
  • 学科 Biology Botany.; Biology Microbiology.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2007
  • 页码 94 p.
  • 总页数 94
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 植物学;微生物学;
  • 关键词

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