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Mechanisms for prolonging network lifetime in Wireless Sensor Networks.

机译：延长无线传感器网络中网络寿命的机制。

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摘要

Sensors are used to monitor and control the physical environment. A Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is composed of a large number of sensor nodes that are densely deployed either inside the phenomenon or very close to it [18][5]. Sensor nodes measure various parameters of the environment and transmit data collected to one or more sinks, using hop-by-hop communication. Once a sink receives sensed data, it processes and forwards it to the users. Sensors are usually battery powered and it is hard to recharge them. It will take a limited time before they deplete their energy and become un-functional. Optimizing energy consumption to prolong network lifetime is an important issue in wireless sensor networks.;In mobile sensor networks, sensors can self-propel via springs [14], wheels [20], or they can be attached to transporters, such as robots [20] and vehicles [36]. In static sensor networks with uniform deployment (uniform density), sensors closest to the sink will die first, which will cause uneven energy consumption and limitation of network lifetime. In the dissertation, the nonuniform density is studied and analyzed so that the energy consumption within the monitored area is balanced and the network lifetime is prolonged. Several mechanisms are proposed to relocate the sensors after the initial deployment to achieve the desired density while minimizing the total moving cost.;Using mobile relays for data gathering is another energy efficient approach. Mobile sensors can be used as ferries, which carry data to the sink for static sensors so that expensive multi-hop communication and long distance communication are reduced. In this thesis, we propose a mobile relay based routing protocol that considers both energy efficiency and data delivery delay. It can be applied to both event-based reporting and periodical report applications.;Another mechanism used to prolong network lifetime is sensor scheduling. One of the major components that consume energy is the radio. One method to conserve energy is to put sensors to sleep mode when they are not actively participating in sensing or data relaying. This dissertation studies sensor scheduling mechanisms for composite event detection. It chooses a set of active sensors to perform sensing and data relaying, and all other sensors go to sleep to save energy. After some time, another set of active sensors is chosen. Thus sensors work alternatively to prolong network lifetime.
机译：传感器用于监视和控制物理环境。无线传感器网络（WSN）由大量传感器节点组成，这些传感器节点密集地分布在现象内部或非常接近现象[18] [5]。传感器节点使用逐跳通信来测量环境的各种参数，并将收集的数据传输到一个或多个接收器。接收器接收到感知到的数据后，将对其进行处理并将其转发给用户。传感器通常由电池供电，很难为其充电。他们将耗尽能量并失去功能将需要有限的时间。在无线传感器网络中，优化能耗以延长网络寿命是一个重要的问题。在移动传感器网络中，传感器可以通过弹簧[14]，车轮[20]自行推进，或者可以连接到运输工具，例如机器人[ 20]和车辆[36]。在具有均匀部署（均匀密度）的静态传感器网络中，最靠近接收器的传感器将首先死亡，这将导致能耗不均和网络寿命受到限制。本文对非均匀密度进行了研究和分析，以平衡受监控区域内的能耗，延长网络寿命。提出了几种机制，可以在初次部署后重新定位传感器，以达到所需的密度，同时将总移动成本降至最低。使用移动中继进行数据收集是另一种节能方式。可以将移动传感器用作渡轮，这些渡轮将数据运送到静态传感器的接收器，从而减少了昂贵的多跳通信和长距离通信。本文提出了一种基于移动中继的路由协议，该协议同时考虑了能效和数据传递延迟。它可以应用于基于事件的报告和定期报告应用程序。延长网络寿命的另一种机制是传感器调度。无线电是消耗能量的主要组件之一。节约能源的一种方法是在传感器未积极参与感应或数据中继时将其置于睡眠模式。本文研究了用于复合事件检测的传感器调度机制。它选择了一组有源传感器来执行传感和数据中继，所有其他传感器都进入睡眠状态以节省能量。一段时间后，将选择另一组有源传感器。因此，传感器可以交替工作以延长网络寿命。

著录项

  • 作者

    Yang, Yinying.;

  • 作者单位

    Florida Atlantic University.;

  • 授予单位 Florida Atlantic University.;
  • 学科 Engineering Computer.;Information Technology.;Technical Communication.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2010
  • 页码 174 p.
  • 总页数 174
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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