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首页> 外文学位 >Forecasting the response of coastal wetlands to declining water levels and environmental disturbances in the Great Lakes.
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Forecasting the response of coastal wetlands to declining water levels and environmental disturbances in the Great Lakes.

机译：预测大湖地区沿海湿地对水位下降和环境干扰的响应。

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摘要

The overall purpose of this study was to examine the impact of increasing human-induced and natural stresses on the distribution of aquatic vegetation and fish along the Great Lake shoreline.; The first part of the dissertation proposes a predictive model to examine the effect of long-term water level fluctuations on the emergent plants in Lake Ontario coastal wetlands while taking into account other factors such as urbanization and invasive species. Starting with Cootes Paradise Marsh, a highly urbanized freshwater marsh at the west end of Lake Ontario, a new approach based on a digital elevation model is proposed and compared with the traditional water-level model. The results indicate that the new approach is better than the traditional water level model. To verify the effectiveness of the new approach, ten coastal wetlands from eastern Lake Ontario are tested. The results confirm that the new approach provides an effective way to determine the effect of the hydrological disturbance on emergent plants even when the target wetlands have the same water level.; The second part of the dissertation addresses response of fish and explores the use of high resolution satellite imagery to quantify the supply of fish habitat and wave disturbance in coastal wetlands. The results show that (1) the Great Lakes fish community utilizes wetlands disproportionately to their availability and the distribution of wetland-associated taxa is influenced by wetland type; (2) the high resolution IKONOS imagery can be used effectively to monitor the change in aquatic vegetation and thus track alterations in fish habitat in Great Lakes coastal marshes; and (3) aquatic vegetation in coastal wetlands is affected by exposure disturbance that can be attributed to the lake and any disturbance originating from inside the wetland and therefore, the effect of exposure and geomorphology should be partitioned out when examining the effects of anthropogenic disturbance on submersed aquatic vegetation.
机译：这项研究的总体目的是检验人为和自然压力的增加对大湖沿岸水生植被和鱼类分布的影响。论文的第一部分提出了一种预测模型，该模型研究了长期水位波动对安大略湖沿海湿地中新兴植物的影响，同时考虑了城市化和入侵物种等其他因素。从安大略湖西端高度城市化的淡水沼泽Cootes Paradise Marsh开始，提出了一种基于数字高程模型的新方法，并将其与传统水位模型进行了比较。结果表明，新方法优于传统水位模型。为了验证新方法的有效性，对安大略湖东部的十个沿海湿地进行了测试。结果证实，即使目标湿地的水位相同，该新方法仍可提供一种有效的方法来确定水文干扰对紧急植物的影响。论文的第二部分讨论了鱼类的反应，并探讨了使用高分辨率卫星图像来量化沿海湿地鱼类栖息地的供应和波浪干扰的情况。结果表明：（1）大湖鱼类群落对湿地的利用不成比例，并且与湿地有关的分类单元的分布受湿地类型的影响； （2）高分辨率的IKONOS影像可以有效地用于监测水生植被的变化，从而追踪大湖沿岸沼泽鱼栖息地的变化； （3）沿海湿地的水生植被受到可能归因于湖泊的任何暴露干扰的影响，以及源自湿地内部的任何干扰，因此，在研究人为干扰对生态系统的影响时，应区分暴露和地貌的影响淹没的水生植被。

著录项

  • 作者

    Wei, Anhua.;

  • 作者单位

    McMaster University (Canada).;

  • 授予单位 McMaster University (Canada).;
  • 学科 Biology Ecology.; Biology Limnology.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2007
  • 页码 243 p.
  • 总页数 243
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 生态学（生物生态学）;
  • 关键词

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