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首页> 外文学位 >Temporal and spatial patterns of Populus angustifolia along the upper Yellowstone River and clonal recruitment: Extent and requirements.
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Temporal and spatial patterns of Populus angustifolia along the upper Yellowstone River and clonal recruitment: Extent and requirements.

机译：黄石河上游的胡杨的时空格局和克隆募集：范围和要求。

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Riparian cottonwoods (Populus spp.) have been declining in the Pacific Northwest due to changes in land use and river regulation. Because the majority of research on Populus species reproduction has focused on seedling recruitment, management programs have been limited to the hydrological requirements for seedling establishment and survival. Although many cottonwoods reproduce clonally, their extent, requirements and recruitment to maturity is not known. In this thesis, I used hydrology, and temporal, and spatial distribution patterns to study Populus angustifolia stand dynamics in Montana along the upper Yellowstone River. Additionally, I used DNA microsatellite loci to investigate population genetics and clonality. Combining these two analyses allowed me to investigate clonal reproduction ecology. I divided the study reach into four strata based on channel morphology with three sites per stratum. Cottonwood ages were used to delineate the age of stands and flood plain surface ages. Stand structure was analyzed using 100 m2 fixed plots within all age-patches and sites. There was no significant association of flood events with P. angustifolia seedling recruitment, and this may indicate clonal recruitment. Stand structure analysis revealed a large range in tree ages within age-patches, also an indicator of clonal recruitment. Because analysis suggested that clonal recruitment might be present, I used two DNA microsatellite loci to investigate the extent of clonality. This allowed me to characterized the population genetics as well as identify clones. The cottonwood population was not significantly subdivided into smaller subpopulations (P = 0.809 for 5 subpopulations). Interestingly, the population was not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, probably due to local mating between close relatives. Because two microsatellite primers chosen were highly polymorphic, clone identification was possible. Clonality was similar across all strata with more than 71% of all trees sampled originating from clonal recruitment. Clonal recruitment occurred repeatedly resulting in a wide range in age for ramets from new recruits to over 200 years within fixed plots. Clonal establishment increased significantly following large flood events (P = 0.001). These results suggest that clonal recruitment plays a major role in the P. angustifolia population along the upper Yellowstone River.
机译：由于土地利用和河流管制的变化，西北太平洋的河岸杨木（Populus spp。）一直在下降。由于有关胡杨属植物繁殖的大多数研究都集中在幼苗的募集上，因此管理计划仅限于幼苗建立和生存的水文要求。尽管许多杨木无性繁殖，但它们的程度，要求和成熟期尚不明确。在本文中，我使用水文，时空分布模式研究了黄石河上游蒙大拿州的胡杨林分动态。另外，我使用DNA微卫星基因座来研究种群遗传学和克隆性。结合这两种分析，我得以研究克隆繁殖生态学。我根据渠道形态将研究范围分为四个层次，每个层次三个位置。用杨木年龄来描述林分和泛滥平原的年龄。在所有年龄段和地点，使用100 m2固定地块分析林分结构。洪水事件与P. angustifolia幼苗募集没有显着关联，这可能表明克隆募集。林分结构分析显示，在年龄补丁中，树木的年龄范围很大，这也是克隆募集的指标。因为分析表明可能存在克隆募集，所以我使用了两个DNA微卫星基因座来研究克隆程度。这使我能够表征种群遗传学并鉴定克隆。杨木种群没有显着细分为较小的亚群（5个亚群的P = 0.809）。有趣的是，该种群没有达到哈代-温伯格平衡，可能是由于近亲之间的局部交配。因为选择的两个微卫星引物是高度多态的，所以克隆鉴定是可能的。在所有阶层中，克隆性都相似，所有树木中有71％以上来自克隆募集。反复进行克隆招募，导致分株的年龄范围很广，从新兵到固定地块的200多年。大洪水发生后，克隆建立显着增加（P = 0.001）。这些结果表明，克隆募集在黄石河上游沿岸的P. angustifolia种群中起主要作用。

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