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Measurement error of energy intake during pregnancy and its influence on the association between carbohydrate quality and fetal growth.

机译：怀孕期间能量摄入的测量误差及其对碳水化合物质量和胎儿生长之间关联的影响。

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摘要

Population studies rely on self-reported dietary intake, which is subject to considerable measurement error. A growing body of literature has shown that subjects tend to underreport energy (food) intake, and that underreporting occurs more frequently in certain subgroups, such as women and overweight persons. Further, recent evidence has demonstrated that systematic reporting error in energy intake can seriously distort nutrient risk estimates. Maternal nutrition plays an important role for both the mother and fetus; however results on associations between diet and pregnancy outcomes thus far have been modest or nonexistent. One reason may be systematic reporting bias in nutritional data, although very little is known about this error in pregnant populations.;Adequate fetal growth is an important predictor of newborn complications, and also contributes to a wide array of health conditions in adolescence and adulthood. Maternal glucose is the main energy substrate for intrauterine growth. The glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) of dietary carbohydrate, has been shown to alter postprandial glucose and insulin concentrations among healthy pregnant women, and thus may alter glucose substrate levels available for the fetus. Despite this strong biological plausibility, research on the carbohydrate quality of maternal diet and fetal growth remains limited.;This dissertation includes two analyses of data from participants in the third phase of the Pregnancy, Infection and Nutrition cohort study (PIN3). The first analysis indicates that measurement error in energy intake is prevalent during pregnancy with 32.8% and 12.9% of subjects reporting intakes that were implausibly low and high, respectively. This error also varied by several maternal characteristics including pregravid body size, which is an important predictor of many pregnancy outcomes. Therefore, determining the nature of measurement error in energy intake may help to improve dietary assessment methodology in reproductive studies and account for bias in the calculation of effect estimates. In the second analysis, no association was observed between carbohydrate quality and fetal growth among generally healthy pregnancies; a null finding that remained after exclusion of participants with implausible energy intakes. Strengths and limitations of this study and the current literature, as well as and recommendations for future research are noted.
机译：人口研究依靠自我报告的饮食摄入量，这有很大的测量误差。越来越多的文献表明，受试者倾向于低估能量（食物）的摄入量，并且低估率在某些亚组中更为常见，例如妇女和超重人群。此外，最近的证据表明，能量摄入的系统报告错误会严重扭曲营养素风险估算。孕产妇营养对于母亲和胎儿都起着重要作用。然而，到目前为止，饮食与妊娠结局之间相关性的研究结果很少或不存在。原因之一可能是系统地报告了营养数据方面的偏见，尽管对孕妇人群中的这一错误知之甚少。足够的胎儿生长是新生儿并发症的重要预测指标，也有助于青春期和成年期的多种健康状况。孕妇葡萄糖是子宫内生长的主要能量底物。已显示膳食碳水化合物的血糖指数（GI）和血糖负荷（GL）会改变健康孕妇的餐后葡萄糖和胰岛素浓度，从而可能改变胎儿可用的葡萄糖底物水平。尽管具有如此强的生物学可行性，但对孕产妇饮食和胎儿生长的碳水化合物质量的研究仍然有限。本论文包括对来自妊娠，感染和营养队列研究（PIN3）第三阶段参与者的数据的两项分析。第一项分析表明，怀孕期间能量摄入量的测量误差很普遍，分别有32.8％和12.9％的受试者报告摄入量的摄入量过低和过高。这个错误也会因孕妇的一些特征而有所不同，包括前身体重，这是许多妊娠结局的重要预测指标。因此，确定能量摄入中测量误差的性质可能有助于改善生殖研究中的饮食评估方法，并在效果估算的计算中加以考虑。在第二项分析中，在一般健康的怀孕中，碳水化合物的质量与胎儿的生长之间没有相关性。在排除了能量摄入不合理的参与者之后，仍然没有发现。指出了这项研究和当前文献的优势和局限性，以及对未来研究的建议。

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  • 作者

    Nowicki, Eric M.;

  • 作者单位

    The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.;

  • 授予单位 The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.;
  • 学科 Biology Biostatistics.;Health Sciences Epidemiology.;Health Sciences Nutrition.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2010
  • 页码 117 p.
  • 总页数 117
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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