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Politics and the glass ceiling in American law enforcement: Why not more women chiefs of police?

机译：美国执法中的政治与玻璃天花板：为什么不增加女警长的人数呢？

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摘要

Law enforcement is one of the last male-dominated occupations. Out of 18,000 police departments in the United States, only 200 to 250 have women chiefs. Such under-representation reflects the "glass ceiling" effect of a gender-based metaphorical barrier that prevents women from rising to the top of an organization, regardless of qualifications.; The research examined three questions: what are the issues and problems articulated by women officers attempting to move upwards; what strategies were employed as they attempted to advance; and what strategies could help other women reach the top? Nine female primary participants in law enforcement leadership were interviewed, as were six male police chiefs and two other women in high ranks.; Seven barriers to advancement were identified: double standard, old boys club, queen bee, disloyalty, personal traits, race, and recruitment procedures. Six advancement strategies were suggested: mentoring, commitment, job competence, education, reputation, and work/life balance. The study analyzed the barriers and strategies for advancement and the methods proposed for overcoming each barrier.; The most compelling finding was that each participant exhibited a strong, resilient personality. Their leadership style is characterized by extreme confidence and indisputable assurance, balanced by awareness and acceptance of the operative political climate.; The study indicates that some women in law enforcement engaged in a form of denial of the victimization they experienced. It also indicates a contrast between the women's perspectives and those of the male chiefs. The statistics on the progress women have made as well as the experiences these participants lived dramatize the lack of advancement of women as law enforcement executives. The study suggests that when women finally reach the top, they frequently encounter a "rubber ceiling" resulting in their failure or sudden departure.; Considering the numbers of women in law enforcement and the time women have been employed, there are fewer women in chief level positions than would be expected. Legal action through court-ordered affirmative action like consent decrees, frequently the catalyst for meaningful social equality, may be useful in creating the change needed for gender equality in the law enforcement field.
机译：执法是最后一个男性主导的职业之一。在美国的18,000个警察部门中，只有200至250名女性负责人。这种任职人数不足反映了基于性别的隐喻障碍的“玻璃天花板”效应，该效应使妇女无论资历高低，都无法升任组织最高职位。研究调查了三个问题：试图向上移动的女警官指出了哪些问题和问题？他们试图采取什么策略？哪些策略可以帮助其他女性晋升至顶峰？采访了执法领导层的9名女性主要参与者，6名男警察局长和另外2名高级妇女。确定了七个晋升障碍：双重标准，老男孩俱乐部，蜂王，忠诚，个人特质，种族和招募程序。提出了六种晋升策略：指导，承诺，工作能力，教育，声誉和工作/生活平衡。该研究分析了发展的障碍和策略，以及克服每种障碍的方法。最引人注目的发现是每个参与者都表现出坚强而富有弹性的个性。他们的领导风格具有极大的信心和无可争辩的保证，并以对执行政治气氛的认识和接受为平衡。该研究表明，一些执法中的妇女否认自己遭受的伤害。这也表明女性与男性首长的观点存在差异。有关妇女取得的进步以及这些参与者所生活经历的统计数字戏剧化地表明，作为执法部门执行官的妇女缺乏进步。研究表明，当女性最终登顶时，她们经常会遇到“橡皮天花板”，导致她们失败或突然离开。考虑到执法中的妇女人数和妇女受雇的时间，担任首席职务的妇女人数少于预期。通过法院下令的平权行动，例如同意令，通常是促成有意义的社会平等的催化剂，而采取的法律行动可能有助于在执法领域创造性别平等所需的变革。

著录项

  • 作者

    Meistrich, Madeline G.;

  • 作者单位

    University of San Diego.;

  • 授予单位 University of San Diego.;
  • 学科 Womens Studies.; Sociology Criminology and Penology.; Sociology Industrial and Labor Relations.
  • 学位 Ed.D.
  • 年度 2007
  • 页码 290 p.
  • 总页数 290
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 社会学;法学各部门;社会学;
  • 关键词

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