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首页> 外文学位 >Risks, challenges, tradeoffs, and opportunities in dynamic, adaptive water supply systems.
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Risks, challenges, tradeoffs, and opportunities in dynamic, adaptive water supply systems.

机译：动态，自适应供水系统中的风险，挑战，折衷和机会。

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摘要

The rising costs and regulatory burdens associated with new water supply infrastructure are making it increasingly difficult to meet growing water demands through the development of new supply capacity. Instead, adaptive techniques such as temporary conservation and water transfers are playing a larger role in the water supply planning. While adaptive techniques have many advantages over infrastructure-centric approaches, they also present municipal water utilities with a number of challenges. This dissertation aims to formulate problems that illustrate the tradeoffs between multiple management objectives and help utilities meet performance criteria through the use of novel tools and methods. While this work focuses mostly on a group of interconnected water utilities in the 'Research Triangle' North Carolina, the results are generalizable to water supply problems across many regional scenarios.;Adaptive techniques like conservation and the purchase of water transfers introduce substantial and unpredictable reductions in revenue (conservation) and cost increases (transfers). Municipal water provision is extremely capital-intensive with large, fixed costs driven by debt service payments. Increased levels of financial risk may affect the ability of a utility to meet debt service payments, reducing their credit rating and increasing the cost of future borrowing. Chapter 2 explores the role of financial mitigation tools in drought management strategies employing both conservation and water transfer purchases. Using multiple problem formulations, we show how the tradeoffs between financial risk and several other management objectives are affected by self-insurance contingency funds and a novel type of third-party index insurance. Pricing incentives (i.e. drought surcharges) can also serve as a financial mitigation tool while simultaneously promoting more efficient conservation. Chapter 3 examines how the additional revenue raised through surcharges may reduce utility incentives to purchase water transfers, potentially harming overall consumer welfare. In Chapter 4, the short-term management strategies developed in Chapters 2 and 3 are integrated into a long-term infrastructure sequencing model. Important interactions between management and planning decisions are incorporated using an adaptive, risk-based framework. This dissertation demonstrates how the added complexity involved with developing adaptive decision-making tools will be crucial to water resource problems in the 21st century.
机译：与新的供水基础设施相关的成本上升和监管负担日益增加，通过发展新的供水能力来满足日益增长的用水需求变得越来越困难。取而代之的是，诸如临时保护和调水之类的适应性技术在供水计划中起着更大的作用。尽管自适应技术相对于以基础设施为中心的方法具有许多优势，但它们也给市政自来水公司带来了许多挑战。本文旨在提出一些问题，阐明在多个管理目标之间进行权衡的问题，并通过使用新颖的工具和方法帮助公用事业达到绩效标准。虽然这项工作主要集中在北卡罗来纳州``研究三角区''的一组相互联系的水务公司，但结果可推广到许多区域情景中的供水问题。;诸如保护和调水购买之类的自适应技术带来了大幅度且不可预测的减排收入（节约）和成本增加（转移）。市政供水极为资本密集，由偿债费用驱动而产生大量固定费用。金融风险水平的提高可能会影响公用事业公司偿还债务的能力，降低其信用等级并增加未来借款的成本。第2章探讨了财务缓解工具在采用养护和调水购买的干旱管理策略中的作用。使用多种问题公式，我们展示了自我保险应急基金和新型的第三方指数保险如何影响金融风险与其他几个管理目标之间的权衡。定价激励措施（即干旱附加费）也可以作为一种财务缓解工具，同时促进更有效的保护。第三章探讨了通过附加费增加的额外收入如何减少公用事业购买水源的激励措施，从而有可能损害整体消费者的福利。在第4章中，将在第2章和第3章中开发的短期管理策略集成到长期基础结构排序模型中。管理和计划决策之间的重要交互是使用自适应的，基于风险的框架进行的。本文证明了开发自适应决策工具所涉及的复杂性将如何对21世纪的水资源问题至关重要。

著录项

  • 作者

    Zeff, Harrison B.;

  • 作者单位

    The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.;

  • 授予单位 The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.;
  • 学科 Water resources management.;Finance.;Engineering.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2016
  • 页码 136 p.
  • 总页数 136
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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