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首页> 外文学位 >Environmental effects on early life stages of American shad (Alosa sapidissima) and rainbow smelt (Osmerus mordax ).
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Environmental effects on early life stages of American shad (Alosa sapidissima) and rainbow smelt (Osmerus mordax ).

机译：环境对美洲sha（Alosa sapidissima）和彩虹味（Osmerus mordax）生命早期的影响。

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摘要

Recruitment of American shad (Alosa sapidissima) and rainbow smelt (Osmerus mordax) has steadily declined over the last few decades, possibly due to the construction of physical impediments to migration and increases in anthropogenic pollution. In order to elucidate environmental parameters influencing early life stages of anadromous fish, both laboratory and field studies were conducted. The effects of abiotic factors, including dissolved oxygen (DO), pH, salinity, nitrate, and phosphate, on hatch and survival of larval and juvenile American shad and rainbow smelt were examined in laboratory studies. Field studies on shad emigration were conducted in the Exeter River, and studies on smelt egg viability were conducted in the Winnicut and Squamscott Rivers.; Extremely low DO saturation (20%, 1.74 mg I-1) was found to be detrimental to shad larvae, and all levels at and below 80% (6.94 mg I-1) caused a reduction in egg viability. Low pH (4) reduced egg and larval viability. Larval survival decreased with increased salinity, but egg hatch was unaffected by salinities up to 30 ppt. Nitrates and phosphates had no effect on eggs or larvae.
机译：在过去的几十年中，美洲sha（Alosa sapidissima）和彩虹熔炼（Osmerus mordax）的招聘量一直在稳步下降，这可能是由于迁徙的物理障碍和人为污染的增加所致。为了阐明影响食盐鱼类早期生命阶段的环境参数，进行了实验室和现场研究。在实验室研究中检查了非生物因素（包括溶解氧（DO），pH，盐度，硝酸盐和磷酸盐）对幼鱼和幼体美洲d鱼和彩虹熔炼的孵化率和存活率的影响。在埃克塞特河（Exeter River）进行了关于d鱼移出的野外研究，在温尼库特河（Winnicut）和斯阔姆斯科特河（Squamscott River）进行了对融化卵生存能力的研究。发现过低的DO饱和度（20％，1.74 mg I-1）有害于sha鱼幼虫，所有低于或等于80％（6.94 mg I-1）的水平都会导致卵活力降低。低pH（4）会降低卵和幼虫的活力。幼虫的存活率随盐度的增加而降低，但卵孵化不受盐度高达30 ppt的影响。硝酸盐和磷酸盐对卵或幼虫没有影响。

著录项

  • 作者

    Fuda, Kristen.;

  • 作者单位

    University of New Hampshire.;

  • 授予单位 University of New Hampshire.;
  • 学科 Biology Zoology.; Agriculture Fisheries and Aquaculture.
  • 学位 M.S.
  • 年度 2006
  • 页码 88 p.
  • 总页数 88
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 动物学;水产、渔业;
  • 关键词

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