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The role of perceived parental involvement and support/pressure on youth athletes' reported enjoyment and perceived competence in their sport.

机译：父母的参与感和支持/压力对青年运动员报告的享受和他们的运动能力的作用。

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摘要

Longitudinal research indicates that there are many physical, social, and psychological benefits for youth to participate in sports (Eppright, Sanfacon, Beck, & Bradley, 1997; Kirkcaldy, Shephard, & Siefen, 2002). Enjoyment and perceived sense of competence are among the most salient factors in athletes' continued participation in sport (Gill et al., 1983; Scanlan & Lewthwaite, 1986; Boyd & Yin, 1996; Weinberg, 1984). The present study was conducted to examine the role of biological/adoptive and step-parental involvement, support, and pressure in athletes' reported enjoyment and perceived competence in their sport. Fifty-six dyads of baseball/softball athletes, ages 12 to 17, and their parents were assessed. The vast majority of the athletes indicated that each parent's involvement was "just right." Every athlete whom perceived their parent (biological/adoptive and step) to have higher levels of support had slightly greater reported enjoyment in their sport than athletes who perceived their particular parent to have lower levels of support. Surprisingly, only the support of the biological/adoptive mother was significantly related to the athletes' enjoyment (p = .02) and perceived competence in their sport (p .001). Higher levels of perceived parental pressure were associated with decreased reported enjoyment for the athlete in their sport. There were no statistically significant relationships between perceived level of parental pressure and overall athlete competence in their sport. Implications are discussed.
机译：纵向研究表明，青年人参加体育运动有很多生理，社会和心理上的好处（Eppright，Sanfacon，Beck和Bradley，1997； Kirkcaldy，Shephard和Siefen，2002）。享受和感觉到的能力意识是运动员持续参与运动的最重要因素（Gill等，1983； Scanlan和Lewthwaite，1986； Boyd和Yin，1996； Weinberg，1984）。进行本研究是为了检验生物学/过继和继父母的参与，支持和压力在运动员报告的享乐和感知的运动能力中的作用。对十二至十七岁的棒球/垒球运动员及其父母进行了56次双双评估。绝大多数运动员表示，每个父母的参与都是“正确的”。认为自己的父母（生物/收养和脚步）获得更高支持的每个运动员，其体育活动的享受程度都比认为自己父母特别低的支持者更高。出人意料的是，只有亲生/收养母亲的支持与运动员的享受程度（p = .02）和感知到的运动能力（p <.001）显着相关。较高的父母压力感与运动员在运动中的享乐减少有关。父母压力的感知水平与运动员整体运动能力之间在统计学上无显着关系。讨论了含义。

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