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首页> 外文学位 >The influence of past and future urbanization on watershed nitrogen export and hydrology dynamics in two mid-Atlantic watersheds in Fairfax, Virginia.
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The influence of past and future urbanization on watershed nitrogen export and hydrology dynamics in two mid-Atlantic watersheds in Fairfax, Virginia.

机译：过去和未来的城市化对弗吉尼亚州费尔法克斯的两个大西洋中部流域的流域氮出口和水文动态的影响。

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This study examines urban land use change and its impact on watershed hydrology and nutrient loading in the Accotink and Pohick watersheds in Fairfax County, Virginia. The dissertation explored the amount of urbanization in the watersheds over the past 30 years and the impact of that urbanization on nitrogen loadings and stream hydrology. Further, it examined different projections of future urban development in the watersheds and how urbanization may affect nitrogen loadings and hydrologic changes. It was hypothesized that deterioration in hydrologic conditions and increases nitrogen loadings would be notable.; Land use was estimated from 1975 to 2004 using a combination of remote sensing and demographic data, which was given the name of the Household Method. Adjusted land use projections from an existing study generated by the SLEUTH model and projections using the household method were used to estimate future land use. These land use estimates were input into several analytical tools, including the hydrologic component of HSPF, L-THIA, and export coefficient-based approaches. Water quality data collected by George Mason University and the Norman M. Cole Jr. Pollution Control Plant are available at four sites from 1984-1992. Data were also collected on 24 occasions in 2005 at four sites in the watersheds as part of this dissertation. Nitrate-N, ammonia-N, total phosphorus and soluble reactive phosphorus were compared between watersheds using statistical techniques and a multiple regression loading model (LOADEST); focus was given to nitrogen. Physical parameters, including conductivity, dissolved oxygen, pH, and temperature were also analyzed.; Modeled and observed results indicate that significant changes correlated with increased urbanization have occurred to the hydrology of these watersheds. Furthermore, without implementation of effective Best Management Practices (BMPs), significant alterations in hydrology will continue into the future. Nitrogen loadings have also increased and will likely continue to increase without effective BMPs, although the increases in nitrogen loading do not pose a significant a risk to the streams themselves. However, these increased nitrogen loadings may pose a potential risk to the Chesapeake Bay ecosystem.
机译：这项研究调查了弗吉尼亚州费尔法克斯县的阿科陶克和波希克河流域的城市土地利用变化及其对流域水文和养分含量的影响。本文探讨了过去30年中流域的城市化程度及其对氮素负荷和河流水文学的影响。此外，它研究了流域未来城市发展的不同预测，以及城市化如何影响氮含量和水文变化。据推测，水文条件恶化和氮负荷增加是值得注意的。从1975年到2004年，结合遥感和人口数据对土地利用进行了估算，这被称为“住户方法”。 SLEUTH模型生成的现有研究中的调整后的土地利用预测和使用住户方法的预测被用来估算未来的土地利用。这些土地使用估算已输入到多种分析工具中，包括HSPF的水文部分，L-THIA和基于出口系数的方法。乔治梅森大学和诺曼·科尔·小污染控制厂收集的水质数据可从1984年至1992年的四个地点获得。作为论文的一部分，2005年在流域的四个地点还收集了24次数据。使用统计技术和多元回归负荷模型（LOADEST）比较流域之间的硝酸盐氮，氨氮，总磷和可溶性反应性磷；重点是氮。还分析了物理参数，包括电导率，溶解氧，pH和温度。建模和观测结果表明，这些流域的水文发生了与城市化进程相关的重大变化。此外，如果不执行有效的最佳管理规范（BMP），水文学的重大变化将持续到未来。氮负荷也增加了，并且如果没有有效的BMP，氮的负荷可能会继续增加，尽管氮负荷的增加不会对物流本身构成重大威胁。但是，这些增加的氮负荷可能对切萨皮克湾生态系统构成潜在风险。

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